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ThesisItem Open Access Validation of Gene Tagged Markers of Yield Related Traits In Rice(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Verma, Sunil Kumar; Prasad, Archana; Saxena, R.R.; Banerjee, Shubha; Sharma, Bhawna; Saxena, R.R.Rice is the most popular agricultural crop and is the main hub of many developing countries of Asia on the continent. It also used as a food source in the continent of Africa Rice production should be increased to meet the growing need of rice to feed the growing population increased genetic efficiency is an important measure for the efficiency of rice production. It is important to identify the genes to be improved to produce fresh mega rice through breeding programs based on rapid molecular marker for crop development. In this study, F2 population lines were evaluated during kharif season 2018 and 2019 under irrigated condition and phenological data for 13 yield related traits were recorded. On the basis of mean performance, significant variation was observed in all the traits under irrigated condition. SNP markers flanking 2 yield related traits reported to explain high percentage phenotypic variation for their respective traits in 4 population from a cross Swarna x RRF-78, MTU1010 X WR-151, MTU1010 X WR-162 and MTU1010 X WR-116 were used for validation in F2 population single marker analysis wascarryed out by single factor ANOVA. A total of their amplification band were obtained indicated the presence of two alleles for each parent. For DEP-1 (T/A) (Middle exon/ 5'- exon) the a band of size 600 bp indicated expression in turn amplification of DEP-1 gene, where as a band of size 520 bp indicated presence T/A SNP allele and 380 bp showed SNP Allele. Similarly, for GHD-7 (G/A) (First exon) gene band of size 580 bp indicated amplification of targeted gene, and size of 550 bp and 400 bp indicated expression and amplification of SNP alleles. In the F2 population set, the marker DEP-1 showed a strong association of SWARNA × RRF-78 with grain dimension traits such as flag leaf breath, biological yield, grain yield, explaining 0.6%, 23.12 %, 23.13 %, and MTU1010 X WR-162 grain dimension 50% flowering, plant height, flage leaf length, grain length, grain breath, grain weight 100 seed, explaining 6.99%,6.49%,7%, 9.01% 5.9%, 4.51% of phenotypic variance, respectively. The marker-trait association for DEP-1 and were also found to be significant. Similarly In F2 population, the GHD-7 gene based marker MTU1010 X WR-151 was found to be strongly associated with 50% flowering, no of tillers, grain length, grain weight 100 seed, explaining 0.17%, 14.05%, 0.34%, 2.2%, and SWARNA X RRF-78 grain dimension 50% flowering, no of tillers, explaining 0.9%, 2.59%, and MTU1010 X WR-116 grain dimension grain weight, explaining 0.3% of the phenotypic variance respectively at significant P values.ThesisItem Open Access Validation of Gene Tagged Markers of Yield Related Traits In Rice(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2020) Verma, Sunil Kumar; Prasad, Archana; Banerjee, Shubha; Sharma, Bhawana; Saxena, R.R.Rice is the most popular agricultural crop and is the main hub of many developing countries of Asia on the continent. It also used as a food source in the continent of Africa Rice production should be increased to meet the growing need of rice to feed the growing population increased genetic efficiency is an important measure for the efficiency of rice production. It is important to identify the genes to be improved to produce fresh mega rice through breeding programs based on rapid molecular marker for crop development. In this study, F2 population lines were evaluated during kharif season 2018 and 2019 under irrigated condition and phenological data for 13 yield related traits were recorded. On the basis of mean performance, significant variation was observed in all the traits under irrigated condition. SNP markers flanking 2 yield related traits reported to explain high percentage phenotypic variation for their respective traits in 4 population from a cross Swarna x RRF-78, MTU1010 X WR-151, MTU1010 X WR-162 and MTU1010 X WR-116 were used for validation in F2 population single marker analysis wascarryed out by single factor ANOVA. A total of their amplification band were obtained indicated the presence of two alleles for each parent. For DEP-1 (T/A) (Middle exon/ 5'- exon) the a band of size 600 bp indicated expression in turn amplification of DEP-1 gene, where as a band of size 520 bp indicated presence T/A SNP allele and 380 bp showed SNP Allele. Similarly, for GHD-7 (G/A) (First exon) gene band of size 580 bp indicated amplification of targeted gene, and size of 550 bp and 400 bp indicated expression and amplification of SNP alleles. In the F2 population set, the marker DEP-1 showed a strong association of SWARNA × RRF-78 with grain dimension traits such as flag leaf breath, biological yield, grain yield, explaining 0.6%, 23.12 %, 23.13 %, and MTU1010 X WR-162 grain dimension 50% flowering, plant height, flage leaf length, grain length, grain breath, grain weight 100 seed, explaining 6.99%,6.49%,7%, 9.01% 5.9%, 4.51% of phenotypic variance, respectively. The marker-trait association for DEP-1 and were also found to be significant. Similarly In F2 population, the GHD-7 gene based marker MTU1010 X WR-151 was found to be strongly associated with 50% flowering, no of tillers, grain length, grain weight 100 seed, explaining 0.17%, 14.05%, 0.34%, 2.2%, and SWARNA X RRF-78 grain dimension 50% flowering, no of tillers, explaining 0.9%, 2.59%, and MTU1010 X WR-116 grain dimension grain weight, explaining 0.3% of the phenotypic variance respectively at significant P values.ThesisItem Open Access POPULATION DYNAMICS, YIELD LOSSES AND EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT INSECTICIDES AGAINST POD BORER COMPLEX IN PIGEONPEA(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2006) Verma, Sunil Kumar; Pophaly, D.J.; Sharma, Sanjay; Rana, Navneet; Nanda, H.C.; Saxena, Ravi R.This research work was carried out at the Research Farm of Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur (C.G.) during kharif-rabi season 2005-06. Periodical incidence of major insect pest of pigeonpea was observed. In all total twenty insect pests were found infecting the crops from seedling to harvesting stage. Various workers viz Davis and Lateef (1975), Singh and Singh (1983), Naresh and Singh (1984), Kashyap et al. (1990), Sekhar et al. (1991), Reddy et al. (1998), and Kumar and Nath (2003), noted total 150, 17, 38, 10, 32, 37, and 25 insect pests on this crop at various location. This is probably due to variation in geographical region with respect to climate. It is also found that at different locations sequence of time of occurrence of some insect pest varies. Minimum yield loss was recorded in Lambda-cyhalothrin 5% EC @ 500 ml/ha treated plots. Per cent pod damage was lowest (6.20%) in this treatment followed by Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 4% EC, Quinalphos 25% EC, Triazophos 40% EC, Carbaryl 50% WP, Endosulfan 35% EC, Neemarin 0.15 EC, Heli-cide 0.43% and Kamdhenu (Fasal Rakshak). Cost benefit ratio was also worked out. Highest ratio (1:10.47) was observed in treatment Lambda-cyhalothrin 5% EC which was at par with Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 4% EC pod as well as grain damage by pod borer complex was studied in depth. Per cent grain damage as well as damage caused by borer complex viz., Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), Exelastis atomosa (Wal), Melanagromyza obtusa (Mall) and Clavigralla gibbosa was lowest in Lambda-cyhalothrin 5% EC treated plots. Significant larval reduction was noted in Lambda-cyhalothrin 5%EC treated plots, consequently highest yield was recorded in this treatment.ThesisItem Open Access “IDENTIFICATION OF QTL FOR TRAITS RELATED TO DROUGHT TOLERANCE USING RIL MAPPING POPULATION IN RICE”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2010) Verma, Sunil Kumar; Verulkar, S.B.; Sarawagi, A.K.; Shrivastava, Rajeev; (Smt) Guhey, Arti; Saxena, R.R.Drought stress is the predominant cause for rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield reduction and production stability in rainfed and poorly irrigated rice ecosystems. Development of cultivars with improved drought tolerance is thus an important element in increasing productivity and alleviating poverty of communities depends on rainfed ecosystem. The complex nature of drought tolerance, genotype x environment interaction, lack of understanding of inheritance of drought tolerance, poor understanding of physiological basis of yield under water limited condition, inefficient phenotypic selection and difficulty of effective drought tolerance screening complicate the development of drought tolerance varieties. Identification of QTLs and molecular markers linked to drought tolerance can substantially improve selection efficiency. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to carry out the genetic analysis coupled with identification of QTLs for traits related to drought tolerance. Two hundred seventy lines of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of two indica genotypes, Danteshwari x Dagad Deshi were evaluated under both rainfed and TSD condition at research farm of COA, IGKV, Raipur, to generate phenotypic data and SSR and SNP based genotypic data of same population was generated at NRCPB, IARI, New Delhi. The phenotypic and genotypic data was analyzed for identification of QTLs related to drought tolerance. The data was statistically analyzed to calculate various genetic parameters and finally identification of QTLs using single marker analysis method. The analysis of variance showed substantial variation among the traits. The mean yield performance of the population indicates substantial reduction in grain yield under drought condition compare to normal. Interestingly, Grain yield under rainfed and TSD condition showed heritability of 0.59 and 0.62 coupled with 50.75 and 49.28 genetic advance as percentage of mean respectively, thus direct selection of yield rather secondary traits like leaf rolling, spikelet fertility etc. under drought condition could be a better option. 288 HvSSR primers were screened for detecting parental polymorphism, out of which 30 showed polymorphisms. 30 HvSSR markers were further used for developing genotypic data. QTLs for grain yield were identified on chromosome 1, 3 and 9 and marker HvSSR1-31, HvSSR3-82 and HvSSR9-56 exhibited close association with grain yield.ThesisItem Open Access MAPPING QTLS FOR ROOT,YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS UNDER WATER STRESS AND NON STRESS CONDITIONS USING RIL POPULATION OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2013) Verma, Sunil Kumar; Verulkar, S.B.; Sarawgi, A.K.; Guhey, Arti; Saxena, R.R.ThesisItem Open Access MAPPING QTL FOR ROOT, YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS UNDER WATER STRESS AND NON-STRESS CONDITIONS USING RIL POPULATION OF RICE (oryza sativa L.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2013) Verma, Sunil Kumar; verulkar, S.B.; Sarawgi, A.K.; Guhey, Arti; Saxena, R.R.ThesisItem Open Access MAPPING QTLs FOR ROOT,YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS UNDER WATER STRESS AND NON-STRESS CONDITIONS USING RIL POPULATION OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2013) Verma, Sunil Kumar; Verulkar, S.B.