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ThesisItem Open Access GENOTYPIC EVALUAION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2012-06) Pandey, Mahitosh; Jha, Zenu; Sharma, D.K.; Chandel, Girish; Geda, A.K.; Saxena, R.R.GENOTYPIC EVALUAION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATAThesisItem Open Access IDENTIFICATION OF QTLs FOR COLEOPTILE LENGTH IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(Indirra Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Raipur, 2016) Dwivedi, Sachin; Verulkar, S.B.Rice is one of the most important staple crop in the world. Considering the issues of climate change, water scarcity and methane production, dry direct seeding of rice is gaining importance. However, dry direct seeding often encounters issue of erratic rainfall at the start of season. It is often desirable to sow the seeds at a certain deeper depth so that the light shower does not harm the seeds and crop establishment. For a uniform crop establishment from deep sown seeds, coleoptile length is probably important trait to be studied. Wide adoption of dry direct-seeded rice practices has been hindered by poor coleoptile length that leading to inappropriate crop establishment after deep sown of dry seeds. This is due to the inability of most rice cultivar varieties to germinate and reach the surface under deep sown condition. Thus, the development of varieties having higher coleoptile length along with strength, is immense important for dry direct-seeded rice cultivation in rainfed ecosystems. The mapping population used in this study was the result of crossing of two indica subspecies adapted to local environment. The F15 generation of the RIL mapping population was developed using modified single seed descent method. One hundred twenty two RILs lines and 17 germplasm along with parents were used. These lines were evaluated under different conditions (seeds sown under 2cm and 8cm sand layer) in Feb-2016. The phenotypic data generated on germination percentage and coleoptile length were used for statistical analysis. Highest germination percentage for seeds sown under 8cm sand layer was observed in line No. 65 (90 %), while lowest was found in line No. 84 (15 %). R-RF- 69 (2.31cm) line shows highest coleoptile length under 2cm sand layer and lowest was found in Swarna sub 1 (0.6cm) whereas under 8cm sand layer highest coleoptile length was found in line No. 93 (3.3cm) and lowest was found among few lines 6, 39, 40, 41, 57, 108, and 118 (0.0cm) as in some lines, seeds were germinated and coleoptile was reach on the surface but not enough to measure by scale. The phenotypic and genotypic data obtained were used to identification of QTLs and single marker analysis (p≤ 0.05) by QTL Cartographer 2.5. Four QTLs and fourteen QTLs were identified for coleoptile length of seeds sown under 2cm sand layer and 8cm sand layer respectively. Twelve markers were associated with germination percentage through single marker analysis.ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE ROOT TRANSCRIPTOME UNDER PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY STRESS(Indirra Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Raipur, 2016) Gupta, Anjali; Banerjee, ShubhaSoil Phosphorus deficiency is one of the major factor that adversely affected plant growth causing early maturity in rice and significant reduction in grain yield.Present study was conducted to study the response of rice roots in relation to grain yield under P deficiency stress in F2 segregating lines derived from cross between Sahbhagi Dhan and RRF-78 . Field evaluation of the 330 F2 lines indicated significant variations in plant height, total no. of tillers, biological weight and grain yield. For analysis of root trait 5 lines were selected on the basis of yield from two extremes i.e. tolerant (SDXRRF-78[14], SDXRRF-78[20], SDXRRF-78[38], SDXRRF-78[187]), SDXRRF-78[211]) and susceptible (SDXRRF-78[199], SDXRRF-78[210], SDXRRF- 78[268], SDXRRF-78[282], SDXRRF-78[295]).Almost half of all of the 10 genotypes showed increase in root length (RL) and higher root volume (RV) and surface area (SA) was observed only in SDXRRF-78(14), SDXRRF-78(38), SDXRRF-78(187), SDXRRF-78(210), SDXRRF-78(282), SDXRRF-78(199) genotypes, whereas SD X RRF-78(20) showed a decrease in both RSA and RV. Expression analysis of 9 genes including phosphorus starvation signaling (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, OsPHR3,OsLTN1,OsMYB2P-1), Pi transporter (OsPT1),) and NRR locus related genes (Ehd1, Hd3a, RH3) showed differential expression of 5 genes (OsMYB1, OsPHR1, OsPHR2, OsPHR3 and OsPTI) in root tissues under P deficiency stress. Up regulation of all of these 5 genes was recorded in the 2 high yielding genotypes (SD X RRF-78[14], SD X RRF-78[20]) and one susceptible genotype (SD X RRF-78[210]). On the basis of field evaluation, root trait study and expression analysis, SDXRRF-78(14) and SDXRRF-78(20)were identified as phosphorus deficient tolerance.ThesisItem Open Access CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IRON REGULATED TRANSPORTER GENE (IRT) – ASSOCIATED WITH GRAIN Fe CONTENT FROM LITTLE MILLET (Panicum sumatrense)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2016) Alagarasan, G.; Chandel, G.Genes in the ZIP family encode transcripts to procure and transport bivalent metal micronutrient(s), particularly Fe and or Zn. It constitutes the variety of functions involved in the developmental and physiological processes in many plant species, if not all, Poaceae plant species as well as the model species Arabidopsis. We present herein the report of genome wide investigation of orthologous ZIP genes in Setaria italica and identified 7 seven potential genes to possibly increase the bio-availability of zinc and iron content in grains. Out of seven single copy ortholog members of Rice and Arabidopsis, six of them were functionally active. Among 36 ZIP members, 25 genes have traces of signal peptide based sub-cellular localization, as compared to those of plant species studied hitherto, yet vasculature of ions remains unclear. In silico analysis of gene and protein modeling suggested that these two different gene structure and protein natures were preeminent in shaping the functional diversity of the ZIP gene family in S. italica. Phylogenetic analysis uncovered that speciation and duplication events caused gene family development and ensuring the non-transitivity nature. Finally, this study provides new insights into the signal peptide based/ independent iron and zinc homeostasis in the plant system and allowed identification of ZIP genes that may involved in the zinc and iron absorption from the soil and thus transporting it to the cereal grain underlying high micronutrient accumulation. Engineering plant system to increase metal ion vasculature efficiency and reduce iron avoidance response is very important for further bio-fortification of crop plants. Identification of potential genes controlling iron homeostasis in micronutrient(s) rich crop is needed to provide insight into molecular mechanism of high iron accumulation and achieving ideal plant system with high grain nutrients. The transcriptome assay of single copy ortholog ZIP gene family, cloning and sequencing of the IRT gene in different genotypes was done in Panicum sumatrense having high zinc/ iron content. Comparative genomic analysis was performed with Rice, Arabidopsis and Foxtail millet. Cloned gene was named as PsIRT2 (Panicum sumatrense Iron Regulated Transporter gene 2). The iron vasculature is possibly controlled by a gene PsIRT2, has 2 exons encoding a protein with 226-242 amino acids and its domain are the same as those of the rice OsIRT2 protein. PsIRT2 was found to locate in the mitochondria while OsIRT2 in secretary pathway. Though PsIRT2 is lack of signal peptide, the grain Fe and Zn content is very high in little millet as compared to rice grains. The number of Trans membrane domain in PsIRT2 is also lesser than OsIRT2 playing significant role in metal influx. We hypothesize that PsIRT2 is a signal peptide independent ion transporter. Further validation of particular ZIP gene family expression was also carried out in three genotypes, indicating many ZIP genes had been extensively utilized in molecular breeding or crop bio-fortification process.ThesisItem Open Access IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF CANDIDATE GENE BASED QTLs SPECIFIC MARKERS RELATED TO GPC AND MICRONUTRIENT CONTENT IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2011) Zote, Rahuk Keshav; Chandel, GirishThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION AND VALIDATION OF ZINC FINGER GENE SUPERFAMILY TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) USING IN SILICO AND FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS APPROACHES(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2011) Kumar, Sanjeet; Chandel, GirishThesisItem Open Access DROUGHT STRESS-RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS IN DROUGHT SUSCEPTIBLE AND TOLERANT RICE GENOTYPE (Oryza sativa L.) USING IN SILICO AND FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS APPROACHES(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2011) Sahu, Ravish kumar; Chandel, GirishThesisItem Open Access GENOTYPIC FINGERPRINTING OF ANTAGONISTIC Trichoderma SPP. AGAINST Rhizoctonia solani AND Sclerotium rolfsii USING GENE SPECIFIC MOLECULAR MARKER(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2011) Onkar Vilas, Rahatkar; Kotasthane, A.S.ThesisItem Open Access Phenotyping and Selective Genotyping of Danteshwari X Dagad Deshi derived Mapping Population for QTL Analysis of Brown Spot of Rice(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2011) Nandanwar, Pallavi Shivshankar; Kotasthane, A.S.