Theses (Ph.D.)

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Open Access
CHARACTERIZATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF NATIVE CHICKEN IN FOUR DISTRICTS (TUMAKURU, SHIVAMOGGA, DAVANAGERE AND CHITHRADURGA) OF BENGALURU DIVISION OF KARNATAKA STATE
(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585 226, 2022) SHIVAPPA NAYAKA, H.B.; JAYANAIK
A study was carried out to characterize indigenous chicken from four Districts of Bengaluru Division of Karnataka State viz., Tumakuru, Chithradurga, Shivamogga and Davanagere and to evaluate production performance under farm conditions. Survey results revealed that the average flock size, marketing age, egg production per year, hatchability and fertility per cent were 19.77, 9.02 months, 53.76, 56.9 and 44.78, respectively. Morphological characteristics of indigenous chicken revealed that the highest per cent of plumage color and pattern was multicolor (38.34 %) and patchy pattern. The predominant skin and shank colour observed was yellow, eye colour was brown and majority of the birds had wattles under field and farm conditions in Bengaluru division. A significant (P˂0.05) difference could be observed in the body weight, feed consumption and FCR between districts with better FCR in birds from Chithradurga followed by Davanagere, Tumakuru and Shivamogga. Male birds had significantly (P˂0.05) higher morphometric measurements as compared to the female counterparts in all the districts studied. The dressing per cent in male and female indigenous birds were 67.15±1.25 and 64.07±0.76, respectively and per cent heart, liver and gizzard ranged from 0.48 to 0.64, 2.61 to 2.79 and 2.89 to 3.54, respectively. The average HHEP, average feed efficiency per dozen of eggs under farm condition at 52nd week was 47.54 ±0.23 and 4.05±0.03, respectively. The age at sexual maturity and body weight at sexual maturity was 171±0.49 days and 1045±0.45 g. The mean chick mortality per cent in all the four Districts was 7.41 per cent and birds vaccinated against NDV has better titre values. Based on various parameters assessed indigenous chicken germplasm from Chithradurga District of Bengaluru division was found to be superior compared to that of the other three districts studied.
Open Access
IN-OVO AND EARLY CHICK FEEDING OF NANO TRACE MINERALS ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKEN
(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585 401, 2022) M. ANANDHI; JAYANAIK
Three biological trials were carried out at the Department of Poultry Science, Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bangalore to study the effect in ovo and early chick feeding of nano trace minerals viz. nano zinc, nano copper and nano chromium on broiler performance. Early chick feeding was done with commercial diet, diet with nano zinc (40 mg/kg), nano copper (8 mg/kg) and nano chromium (0.5 mg/kg); in ovo feeding with 0.5 ml of normal saline, 40, 12 and 0.5 μg/egg of nano zinc, nano copper and nano chromium, respectively into the amniotic fluid of 18 days old embryos and both in ovo and early chick feeding with same level of nutrients described above. In each trial, after hatching, 240 day old straight run broiler chicks were allocated into five treatment groups each consisting of four replicates with twelve chicks each and all birds were fed as per NRC (1994). The results revealed that in ovo feeding of nano trace minerals significantly (P≤0.05) improved serum total protein, globulin, intestinal histomorphometry, lymphoid organs weight and increased antibody titers against NDV and IBDV. Early chick feeding or in ovo followed by early chick feeding of nano trace minerals significantly (P≤0.05) improved over all body weight, feed efficiency, serum total protein, globulin, intestinal histomorphometry, intestinal and lymphoid organs weight and increased antibody titers against NDV and IBDV. In ovo and early chick feeding of nano zinc improved the production performance and nano chromium improved the serum biochemistry and immune response than other trace minerals
Open Access
CHARACTERIZATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF INDIGENOUS CHICKEN IN GULBARGA DIVISION OF KARNATAKA STATE
(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021-04-01) SUDHIR NAIK; AYANAIK
A study was conducted at Dept of Poultry Science to evaluate indigenous chicken for morphological characters and performance pertaining to three districts of Gulbarga division under field and farm condition. Survey was conducted in three districts namely, Bidar, Gulbarga and Koppala. The data recorded as per NBAGR proforma. The highest flock size recorded was 16.15 in Bidar. The percentage of farmers who vaccinated birds against (ND) and provided separate housing were 24.62 and 19.39, respectively. The percentage of farmers provide supplementary feed was 70.04 %. The predominant plumage color observed was brown with solid type primary plumage pattern in birds evaluated both under survey as well as farm condition. The predominant plumage color observed was multicolor in male and brown in female, with solid type primary plumage pattern in male and dull in female birds evaluated in feild and farm condition. Annual egg production and chick production were 44.84± 0.07 and 24.17± 0.05 per hen, respectively in the field. The average marketable age was 7.60± 0.03 in males and 10.31± 0.04 months in females. The per cent fertility of eggs collected from field were 54.06 and hatchability on TES (36.97) and FES (68.56). The evaluation of birds under farm condition revealed that, the body weight of birds pertaining to Koppala districts were significantly higher at all the ages compared to Bidar and Gulbarga, Body weight at sexual maturity (1097.00± 12.83 g), age at sexual maturity (178.25± 5.89 days) and first egg weight (36.86±0.34 g) were also significantly (P≤0.05) higher in Koppala district. No significant difference was noticed in hen housed egg production, survivor’s egg production up to 52 weeks of age and feed consumed per dozen of eggs by birds belonging to different districts. The per cent fertility, hatchability on total eggs set as well as on fertile eggs set did not show significant variation between districts. At 52nd week average egg weight was 42.25 ± 0.23g. The egg weight, shape index, HUS and shell weight were significantly different between districts, the birds pertaining to all the three districts had protective ELISA titres against ND during different periods studied.
Open Access
EFFECT OF PHYTASE SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SWARNADHARA BREEDERS FED LOW NON-PHYTATE PHOSPHORUS DIET
(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585401, 2021-01-01) SREEDHARA, J. N.; JAYANAIK
Two biological trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of phytase supplementation on growth performance, fertility, hatchability, egg quality parameters, phosphorus retention in Swarnadhara breeders reared from 29th to 48th week and progeny performance up to 6 week. Both trials had 5 treatments with 450 birds (90 birds per treatment) in the trial I and 500 birds (100 birds per treatment) in the trial II. Control diet was formulated according to ICAR (2013) nutrient requirements and the group T2 to T5 had available phosphorus levels viz.,0.12 % in T2, 0.18 % in T3, 0.12 % with 500 IU/kg phytase in T4 and 0.18 % with 500 IU/kg phytase in T5. Weight gain, hen day egg production, shape index, albumen index, yolk index, Haugh unit score, fertility, hatchability, serum calcium and phosphorus, survivability and feed cost per egg produced were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by phytase supplementation. Egg weight was significantly (P <0.05) higher in phase I, III and IV in phytase supplemented groups. Phytase supplementation significantly (P <0.05) reduced nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus (P) excretion and increased (P<0.05) retention of the same and also improved the bone phosphorus per cent in T4 and T5. Shell weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in phytase supplemented groups compared to control in Phase III and IV. Similarly, shell thickness was higher (P<0.05) in phytase supplemented groups compared to control during Phase IV. Cumulative body weight in Swarnadhara chicks in trial II were significantly (P <0.05) higher during week V and VI and survivability in progeny was not significant. However, antibody titre against NDV in progeny was significantly (P <0.05) higher in T5 and lowest in control group. Phytase supplementation improved the shell thickness, shell weight, bone phosphorus, nutrient availability and significantly reduced P excretion in Swarnadhara breeders and improved their progeny performance. Phytase supplementation can reduce the NPP level (0.12 %) in the diet without affecting the egg production and egg quality. Available P level of 0.12 % with phytase is optimum for Swarnadhara breeders to maintain egg production and egg quality.
Open Access
CHARACTERIZATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF INDIGENOUS CHICKEN OF BELGAUM DIVISION OF KARNATAKA STATE
(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2020-07-01) VEERANNA GOWDA B.G.; AYANAIK)
A study was undertaken to evaluate the indigenous chicken of Belgaum division of Karnataka State for their performance and morphological characters pertaining to three districts namely; Bijapur, Belgaum and Dharawad, both under field conditions and under farm conditions. Survey was conducted in three districts and the data was recorded as per NBAGR proforma. Farmers holding 2 acres of land were maximum in all the three districts. Farmers of Belgaum district had highest flock size of 30.28±0.18 birds. The percentage of farmers who did not do vaccination were 46.00 % and who did not provided any extra housing facility were 70.50 % and farmers who did supplemental feeding were 72.50 %. The predominant plumage colour observed was brown plumage with solid type primary plumage pattern both in field condition of survey villages and also in farm conditions. The overall annual egg production was 41.95±0.26 eggs and chicks per hen were 26.92±0.23 in field conditions.The overall percentage of fertility and hatachability on fertile egg set from survey area were 80.07 % and 74.45%, respectively.The evaluation of birds under farm conditions revealed that, the body weights of birds belonging to Bijapur and Belgaum were significantly higher at all age groups compared to Dharawad district. Significant differences were noticed in hen housed egg production and in survivor’s egg production upto 52nd weeks of age.The percentage of fertility, hatchability on total egg set and hatchability on fertile egg set did not showed significant differences among the three districts. At 52nd weeks of age the HUS value and yolk index were significantly higher in Belgaum district compared to other two districts.The birds of Bijapur district showed good survivability compared to other two districts.The birds of all the three districts under study showed very good ELISA titers against New Castle disease at all the stages of life.
Open Access
INFLUENCE OF DIETARY INORGANIC, ORGANIC AND NANO SELENIUM ON EGG PRODUCTION AND MEAT QUALITY IN CHICKEN
(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR- 585 401, 2018-08-01) PRASOON, S.; JAYANAIK
Two biological trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation of sodium selenite, selenium yeast and nano selenium on the growth performance and meat quality of Giriraja chicken up to eight weeks in trial I and egg production and hatchability percentage of Red Cornish hens from 29 to 52 weeks in Trail II. Both the trials had eight treatments with 384 birds (48 per treatment) in the trial I and 288 birds (36 per treatment) in the II trial. Control diet was formulated according to NRC (1994) specifications. To the basal diet (T1), sodium selenite at 150 ppb and 300 ppb, selenium yeast at 150ppb and 300ppb and nano-selenium at 50 ppb, 150 ppb and 300 ppb were added to form T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7 and T8. Cumulative body weight, feed intake, FCR, carcass yield, immune organ weight index, total blood count, haemoglobin concentration, H/L ratio, antibody titer against NDV and IBDV, egg quality parameters and survivability percentage were not influenced by selenium supplementation. Supplementation of 300 ppb selenium yeast and, 150 and 300ppb nano selenium significantly (P≤0.05) increased serum globulin level and decreased A:G ratio. Activity of GPx, SOD and CAT in liver was significantly (P≤0.05) improved by supplementation of 300 ppb selenium from all sources. Malondialdehyde concentration in breast muscle was decreased by supplementation of selenium yeast and nano selenium. Drip loss was reduced significantly in T4, T5, T6 and T8. Cooking loss was reduced by supplementation of 300 ppb selenium yeast and 50, 150 and 300 ppb nano selenium. Selenium supplementation improved selenium concentration in muscle and egg, HHEP%, HDEP%, feed efficiency, fertility and hatchability percentage. Cost of production of an egg was reduced by supplementation of selenium.
Open Access
Effect Of Dietary Supplementation Of Inorganic, Organic And Nano Zinc For Meat And Egg Production In Chicken
(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2016) Siddhartha Shankar Pathak
Diets For Livestock Are Supplemented With Minerals To Avoid Deficiencies That Can Lead To A Wide Variety Of Clinical And Pathological Disorders.
Open Access
Role Of Yeast Cell Extracted Nucleotides In Improving The Performance Of Broiler Chickens
(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2009) Shivakumar. M.C
Poultry Production Is One Of The Fastest Growing Sectors Of Indian Agriculture. Our Country S Poultry
Open Access
Effect Of Varied Levels Of Dietary Crude Protein And Metabolizable Energy On The Performance Of Giriraja Parent And Its Progeny
(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2017) Rajeswara, H. N
In The Present Scenario, Poultry Farming Is Gaining Strength With Fast Pace Of Development Both In Developed And Developing Countries, Especially In India As The Major Population Is Dependent On Agriculture And Allied Activities For Their Livelihood Secur

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