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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of different row ratios of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and mustard (Brassica juncea L.) on productivity and economics in intercropping system under dry land conditions(CCSHAU, 2005) Vinay Kant; Malik, Amar ChandA field experiment entitled “Effect of different row ratios of chickpea (C. arietinum L.) and mustard (B. juncea L. Czern and Coss) on productivity and economics in inter cropping system under dry land conditions”, was conducted during rabi season (2003-04) on a sand loam soil, low inorganic carbon and available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and rich in available potassium at Research Farm of Dry Land Agriculture, CCS HAU. The experiment consisted of 9 treatment combinations and was laid out in Random Block Design (RBD). Treatments were sole chickpea, sole mustard and chickpea + mustard in different combination 1:1, 3:1, 5:1, 7:1, 2:2, 4:2 and 6:2. Plant population did not show any significant difference among treatments. The height of plants in chickpea in ratios 7:1 and 5:1 were at par with sole crop. Mustard showed maximum height in intercropping treatments. Dry matter were maximum in sole treatments (both in chickpea and mustard) 7:1 ratio gave maximum dry matter per plant and 1:1 ratio gave minimum higher in 7:1 ratio for chickpea and in mustard higher LAI was recorded in 1:1 ratio after sole cropping. Numbers of pods / siliquae per plant were observed higher in intercropping treatment (7:1) ratio both in mustard and chickpea. Intercropping treatment produce higher seed weight than other sole treatments. In chickpea 5:1, 7:1 and 6:2 showed maximum HI after sole treatment. Mustard did not show significant different in HI among row ratios where are sole mustard of showed maximum HI. The row ratio 7:1 showed maximum chickpea equivalent yield, gross return, net return and benefit : cost ratio, compared to all other treatments.ThesisItem Open Access Weed management studies in maize (Zea mays L.)(CCSHAU, 2006) Bhagirath Kumar; Kamboj, B.R.The present study is entitled as, “Weed management studies in maize (Zea mays L.)”, was conducted at Research area of K.V.K. Damla, Yamuna Nagar (Haryana) under CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during kharif season of 2004. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design in field with 15 treatments of herbicides and three replications. All the weed control treatments effectively controlled the weed and gave significantly higher yield than weedy check. Post-emergence application of glyphosate (1%) at 45DAS with pre-emergence application atrazine (500 g/ha) provided excellent control of all the weeds till maturity. Pre-emergence application of prometryn (1000 g/ha) fb glyphosate (1%) at 45 DAS and one hoeing at 21 DAS fb glyphosate also provided excellent control Dactyloctenium aegyptium and Cynodon dactylon. Post-emergence application of glyphosate either with pre-emergence application of atrazine or prometryn gave the grain and stover yield statistically at par with weed free treatment.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)(CCSHAU, 2007) Abdhesh Kumar; Rana, D.S.A field experiment on “Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)” conducted during kharif 2006 season on sandy loam soil low in available N, medium in available P and rich in available K at Forage Research Farm Department of Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The experiment consisting of ten treatments viz., control (T1), Azotobacter (T2), 100% RDF (T3), 15 t FYM/ha (T4), 25% RDF + 11.25 t + FYM/ha (T5), 50% RDF + 7.50 t FYM/ha (T6), 75% RDF + 3.75 t FYM/ha (T7), 25% RDF + 11.25 t FYM/ha + Azotobacter (T8), 50% RDF + 7.50 t FY/ha +Azotobacter (T9) and 75% RDF + 3.75 t FYM/ha + Azotobacter (T10) was replicated thrice in a randomized block design. The results indicated that growth parameters viz., plant height, dry matter accumulation, LAI, LAD, CGR and leaf: stem ratio were significantly higher in the treatment having 100 per cent recommended dose of chemical fertilizers than other treatments, except the treatment having 75% RDF + 3.75 t FYM/ha + Azotobacter. The application of 100% RDF further significantly improved the green fodder and dry matter yield over the remaining treatments. The treatments having substitution of 25 per cent N through FYM along with 75% RDF + Azotobacter proved superior for green fodder and dry matter yield over other combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The highest N, P, K, crude protein content and IVDMD (%) in sorghum fodder was recorded with the application of 15 t FYM/ha whereas the uptake of these nutrients, crude protein and DDM yield was higher when 100% RDF was applied to the crop. The residual N, P and K content in soil was observed to be higher with the application of 15 t FYM/ha. The highest net returns of Rs.10,014/- were obtained with the application 100% recommended dose of fertilizers.ThesisItem Open Access Integrated nutrient management studies in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)(CCSHAU, 2006) Mukesh Kumar; Bangarwa, A.S.The field experiment entitled, “Integrated nutrient management studies in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was conducted during rabi season of 2004-2005 at Research Farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar with the objectives (a) to study the effect of different sources of nitrogen and their integration on growth and yield of barley, (b) to study the effect of different treatments on nutrient uptake and quality of barley, and (c) to study the economics of different treatment. The experiment was conducted with 14 treatments of different nitrogen sources, Azotobacter, phosphorus solublizing bacteria in randomized block design with three replications. The periodic growth parameters (plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and tillering) and yield attributes (length of ear head and number of grains per ear head) increased with increasing dose of nitrogen with 100 per cent N inoculated with Azotobacter and PSB but had no effect on test weight. The grain and straw yield increased significantly by increasing nitrogen dose with 100 per cent inoculated with Azotobacter and PSB. Nitrogen application and Azotobacter and PSB had no effect on harvest index. Residual nitrogen in soil increased with increasing nitrogen dose i.e. 100 per cent inoculated with Azotobacter and PSB. Nitrogen content in grain and straw increased significantly with 100 per cent inoculated with Azotobacter and PSB. Crude protein content in grain increased significantly with 100 per cent inoculated with Azotobacter and PSB. Vermicompost and inorganic fertilizer affected the malt yield. Higher fertilizer of nitrogen led to significant reduction in malt yield. Malt homogeneity, bold grain percentage increased significantly with 100% inorganic fertilizer inoculated with Azotobacter and PSB as compared to various treatments. Net income increased significantly with increasing nitrogen dose with 100 per cent inoculated with Azotobacter and PSB (Rs. 6231ha-1). On the basis of one year results it may be suggested that barley crop should be grown by inoculating seed with Azotobacter and phosphorus solublizing bacteria 60 kg N ha-1.ThesisItem Open Access Comparative performance of wheat genotypes under low input conditions(CCSHAU, 2007) Kurra Ram; Samunder SinghThe present study entitled as, “Comparative performance of wheat genotypes under low input conditions” was conducted during winter season of 2005-06 at the Agronomy Research Area of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India). The experiment consisting of three N levels, viz. 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 and three irrigation levels, viz. I1, (one irrigation), I2 (two irrigations) and I3 (three irrigations) in main plots and three genotypes, viz., WH-1024, PBW-343 and WH-147 in sub-plots was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. There was a progressive and significant increase in plant height, number of tillers m-1 row length, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, LAI and CGR of wheat with increase in no. of irrigation from 1 to 3 and N levels from 60 to 120 kg ha-1. Application of 120 kg N ha-1 gave higher yield and yield attributes of wheat than 60 and 90 kg N ha-1. Similarly, application of three irrigations gave significantly higher yield and yield attributes of wheat than one and two irrigations. Total nutrient uptake was positively influenced by irrigation and N levels. Total water use was lowest (285 mm) while water use efficiency was highest with one irrigation. The moisture extraction from the uppermost soil layer (0-30 cm) was higher than lower layers (30-90 cm). Water use efficiency increased markedly with the increase in N levels. Among genotypes, PBW-343 gave significantly superior performance than WH-147 and WH-1024 in terms of grain yield and net returns ha-1. Quality of wheat in terms of protein content, sedimentation value and hectoliter weight was also improved with the increase in number of irrigations and N levels.ThesisItem Open Access Response of pearl millet to different sources of nutrients(CCSHAU, 2007) Bagla, Gaurav; Ishwar SinghThe present study entitled “Response of pearl millet to different sources of nutrients” was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the kharif season, 2006 with the objective to study the effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth, yield and quality of pearl millet and to compute the economics of various sources of nutrients. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with four replications. The treatments consisted of pearl millet hybrid HHB-67 and twelve fertility levels. The growth parameters viz., total number of tillers running meter-1, dry matter accumulation and leaf area index were significantly higher in the treatment where 50 % recommended dose of fertilizers + 50 % N through FYM was applied. The application of 50 % recommended dose of fertilizers + 50 % N through FYM produced higher grain (2995 kg ha-1), stover (7428 kg ha-1) and biological (10423 kg ha-1) yield of the pearl millet crop which was followed by the 100 % recommended dose of chemical fertilizers with grain (2850 kg ha-1), stover (7171 kg ha-1) and biological (10020 kg ha-1) yield. Nitrogen content and uptake in grain was analyzed highest in treatment T6, where 50 % nitrogen was substituted by FYM. Highest phosphorus content in grain was recorded in T6 but in case of stover it was maximum in T3. The potassium content in grain was found non-significant among all the treatment combinations but in stover, it was found highest in T5. The potassium uptake in general in grain as well as in stover was analyzed highest in T6. The crude protein content as well as protein yield was also recorded highest in T6. The highest gross returns were recorded in T6, whereas net returns and B: C were recorded highest in T5 treatment.ThesisItem Open Access Integrated weed management in lentil (Lens culinaris medic L.) under different planting techniques(CCSHAU, 2007) Manjunath H. Tattimani; Rakesh KumarA field experiment entitled “Integrated Weed Management in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic L.) under different planting techniques” was conducted at pulse research area, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi season of 2005-06. The experiment was laid out in split plot design allocating planting techniques (Zero tillage, Raised bed and Flat bed) and irrigation (No irrigation and One irrigation at flowering) to main plot and the weed management (weedy check, Hand weeding at 30 DAS and pendimethalin @1.0 kg a.i. ha-1) to sub plot with three replications. It became evident from the findings of the present investigation that raised bed proved superior over flat bed planting and zero till planting. However, flat bed gave better yield than zero till planting. Irrigating the lentil crop at the time of flowering will give more yield over no irrigation. Under weed management practices pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 proved superior over one hand weeding at 30DAS and weedy check. The best combinations were raised bed with one irrigation at the time of flowering and raised bed with pendimethalin @1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 application over other treatment combinations. When irrigation was applied to the pendimethalin treated plot it gave better results than the other treatment combinations.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of crop geometry and nitrogen levels on growth and yield of newly develop pearl millet hybrid HHB 197(CCSHAU, 2008) Narender Singh; Midha, L.K.The present experiment entitled “Effect of crop geometery and nitrogen levels on growth and yield of newly develop pearlmillet hybrid HHB197” was conducted at Research farm, Choudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Kharif season of 2007. Four spacing patterns viz., 45 x 12, 45 x 16, 60 x 12 and 60x16 cm and five nitrogen levels viz., control, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg N ha-1 tested in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replications. Plant growth in terms of height, number of tillers per plant, dry matter accumulation plant-1, leaf area plant-1 increased significantly xix with increase in spacing at most of the stages of observations. Similarly, yield attributing characters like effective tillers plant-1, 1000 grain weight, length of earhead, girth of earhead and NPK, protein content increased significantly with increase in spacing whereas, grain, stover and biological yield, NPK uptake, net return and B: C ratio recorded significantly higher with 45 x 16 cm spacing over 45 x 12, 60 x 12 and 60x16 cm spacing. Various levels of nitrogen influenced plant growth in terms of height, number of tillers plant-1, dry matter accumulation plant-1, leaf area plant-1 and leaf area index significantly at 160 kg N ha-1 over 120,80,40 kg N ha-1 and control. Similarly, yield attributing characters, yields, NPK content and uptake, protein content and protein yield increased significantly with increasing nitrogen levels. Net return and B: C ratio recorded highest with nitrogen level 160 kg N ha-1.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of seed rates on growth, yield and seed quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties(CCSHAU, 2008) Parmeshwer Singh; SatyavanAn investigation entitled “Effect of seed rates on growth, yield and seed quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) varieties was carried out during rabi season of 2006-07 at Plant Breeding Research Area of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The experiment was laid down in split–plot design keeping four varieties viz., PBW-343, WH-711, WH- 283 and WH-542 in main-plots and four seed rates, 87.5, 100, 112.5 and 125 kg ha-1 with three replications. The plant population was observed higher in variety WH-542, followed by PBW-343, WH-711 and WH-283. Growth parameters viz. dry matter accumulation, and number of tillers per meter row length were higher in variety PBW-343. But plant height xix was significantly more in variety WH-283, than rest of the varieties. Leaf area index did not vary due to varieties. All the yield attributes were better in variety PBW-343, except the tests weight. Grain yield was highest in variety PBW-343 and lowest in WH-283. Straw yield was highest in WH-283 followed by PBW-343, WH-542 and WH-711. Harvest index was better in variety WH-711. Germination percentage was significantly different due to varieties, but not due to seed rates. Seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I and vigour index-II were improved at lower seed rate of 87.5 kg ha-1, in all varieties. Accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and protein content were significantly affected by the varieties while seed rate affected these parameters nonsignificantly. Net return and benefit: cost ratio was highest at the seed rate of 100 kg ha-1 for variety WH-542, at 112.5 kg ha-1 for PBW-343 and at 125 kg ha-1 for varieties WH-711 and WH-283.