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M. Sc. Dissertations

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2004 - 20073
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Author: Sunil Kumar × End date: 2007 × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Efficacy of various grain protectants against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) infesting chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.) seeds
    (CCSHAU, 2004) Sunil Kumar; Singal, Shiv K
    The chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.) is having vital role in the diet of people and stands first in area and production in the country and plays an important role in the agricultural economy of India. Use of quality seed is the basic input in crop production. After harvest, the seeds have to be stored for different periods before these are actually used for sowing in the next season. Under normal storage conditions, chickpea is damaged by a bruchid viz. Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) upto a great extent. Synthetic organic chemicals are used to protect stored pulses and found effective in controlling the pest but having toxic effect to grain and human beings. This has led to diversity the control measures that should be non-toxic and effective approach against the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). The present investigations were carried out to study the efficacy of grain protectants i.e. neem seed kernel powder @ 20 g/kg, neem oil @ 10 ml/kg, Mustard oil @ 7.5ml/kg, groundnut oil @ 7.5 ml/kg, turmeric powder @ 3.5 g/kg mustard oil + turmeric powder @ 3.75 ml + 1.75g/kg, groundnut oil + turmeric powder @ 3.75ml+1.75g/kg, saw dust (7cm covering) sand (7cm covering), dung cake ash (7cm covering) and wheat husk (7cm covering) against C. chinensis and their effect on germination of chickpea seeds (var. HC-3). There were a total of 12 treatments and each treatment was replicated thrice including untreated seeds as control and kept in plastic as well as glass jars under ambient storage conditions. All the oils and dung cake ash gave significantly higher adult pulse beetle mortality as compared to untreated control. On the basis of number of eggs laid, adult emergence and seed damage saw dust, sand and dung cake ash (7cm covering each) were considered as most effective against C. chinensis. None of the grain protectant treatments had an adverse effect on germination and vigour index except oils and mixture of oils with turmeric powder which slightly hampered the standard germination of chickpea seeds.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on myb gene expression in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Coss. & Czern) under salt stress
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Sunil Kumar; Yadav, R.C.
    The investigation was carried out to study the myb expression under different levels of salinity in Brassica juncea cv. CS52 in the Department of Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, CCS Haryana Agricultural, Hisar during the year 2006 and 2007. The myb gene expression was checked by RT-PCR approach. Primers BjMYBR-1 and BjMYBR-2 were designed from the conserved DNA binding domain of Atmyb2 by analyzing this gene sequence with other myb gene sequence available in database using ClustalW programme. The expression of Bjmyb1 became detectable within 15 minutes of salinity exposure, which increased and was maximum in 30 minutes of salinity treatment. Thereafter it declined and stabilized in 2 hr of salinity treatment. The expression was not affected by the different concentrations (100 mM, 200 mM, 300 mM and 400 mM) of NaCl used. Sequencing of amplified cDNA fragment revealed a 176 bp sequence. ClustalW analysis of Bjmyb1 with other eight myb genes from different organisms available in database showed its homology with Atmyb2 and Chmyb2.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management of mungbean yellow mosaic virus in mothbean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq) marechal]
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Sunil Kumar; Gupta, P.P.
    Mothbean is a major commercial crop of hot arid regions of our country. It is affected by several fungal, bacterial and viral diseases. Among these mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) disease is the most important. Out of 62 genotypes screened against MYMV disease under field conditions and seventeen among them screened under green house conditions only 12 genotypes including one promising resistant check viz., RMM-47-2, RMM-44, GMO-4, RMO-257, RMB-54, CZM-90, HM-61, CZM-12, RMO-435, GMO-13, GMO-9915, CAZRI Moth-1 were found moderately resistant. Second week of June for sowing and spacing 45 cm were optimum in reducing the incidence of MYMV disease and whitefly population. The yield was also maximum (10.33 q/ha) at this conditions. There was positive correlation between disease incidence and whitefly population and yield was negatively correlated with disease incidence and whitefly population. The correlation of disease incidence with weather parameters were found non-significant. Application of phosphorus and potassium (40 kg/ha each) alone reduces the disease incidence from 47.8% (in control, no application of NPK) to 17.8% and 18.3% respectively. Highest reduction in MYMV disease incidence (70.61%), minimum whitefly population and maximum grain yield with respect to 20 kg/ha nitrogen application alone was recorded when N20P40K40 kg/ha were used. The botanical Azadirachtin (Fortune Aza, 5%) was most effective than other botanicals in reducing the MYMV disease incidence (69.43%) and increasing the grain yield (84.56%). This treatment was statistically at par with the application of Endosulfan (0.07% a.i.). Neem oil (5%) was found better next to the Azadiractin in reducing the disease incidence.