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M. Sc. Dissertations

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20112
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Author: Shashi Bala × End date: 2011 × Start date: 2011 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Nutritional evaluation of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.Wilczek) cultivars and development of instant bhalle mix powder
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Shashi Bala; Khetarpaul, Neelam
    The nutritional evaluation of mung bean cultivars indicated the cultivar; MH- 715 had significant higher amount of protein, crude fibre and lower amount of fat contents whereas reverse was noticed in MH-729. MH-715 had significantly the higher amount of iron and zinc while minimum amount of calcium, magnesium contents. MH- 715 had the maximum iron availability but the minimum availability of calcium and zinc. In vitro protein and starch digestibility were the lowest in MH-715 and MH-729, respectively and the minimum amount of antinutrients was present in MH-715. MH-715 was selected on the basis of its protein (23 g/100g) and iron (3.0 mg/100g) contents and was used to develop six types of instant bhalle mix powders by using three methods viz. traditional, improvised and unfermented methods and two drying techniques i.e. hot air and vacuum oven and subjected to organolaptical evaluation. On the basis of sensory scores, the two most acceptable instant powders (Type I i.e. traditionally fermented and Type II i.e. unfermented, hot air oven dried) were selected for further nutritional composition and shelf life study. Both the instant mixes had almost similar nutritional composition except vitamin C and phytic acid contents which were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in Type II powder. When nutrient composition of both the instant mixes was compared with that of raw mung bean flour, it was observed that there was reduction in ash and fiber contents whereas increase was noticed in the protein contents in instant powders. There were reductions in total and soluble dietary fibers which may be because of dehulling of seed. Total sugars were increased, may be because of fermentation. The amount of minerals and antinutrients were decreased whereas mineral availability and digestibilit y (in vitro) of protein and starch were increased. Vitamin C content was increased in instant mixes that may be because of processing methods. Both the instant mi xes stored for six months (March to July) in multilayered zip lock polythene bags at room temperature. The sensory scores of bhalle prepared from stored powders decreased continuously on storage. Thus, it can be concluded that the instant mixes had almost similar nutritive value which might be due to less fermentation time (3 h) used in the preparation of Type I powder. This short duration of fermentation perhaps could not bring significant changes in the nutritive composition of the powder. But definitel y these instant mixes had better nutritional quality when compared to that of raw control.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    In vitro propagation and genetic fidelity studies in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Shashi Bala; Sindhu, S. S.
    The present study was conducted on the three cultivars of chrysanthemum (Mayur, Dolly Pink, Royal Purple). The objective of the study was to developed an efficient protocol for direct regeneration, multiplication and rooting in vitro conditions and checked the genetic fidelity of the micropropagated plants. Nodal segment and shoot tip explants, after being sterilized with 0.1% of mercuric chloride and 70% ethanol, were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with varied concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA), benzyl amino purine (BAP), napthelic acetic acid (NAA)and their combinations. Different parameters including shoot regeneration percentage, multiplication average number of shoots per explant, length of shoots (cm), number of leaves per shoot, number of days taken for root initiation, number of roots per shoot, length of root (cm), were studied during the course of study. Intermediate concentrations of benzyladenine purine (BAP 1.0 mg/l) was found superior to all the other BAP concentration. MS media fertified with 1.0 mg/l BAP had produced the maximum shoots (90.53 per cent in shoot tip and 90.80 per cent in nodal segment), shoots per explant (4.06), length of shoot (3.90 cm), number of leaves (4.93). Similarly, when the combination of different concentration of IAA and BAP were used, significant results regarding the regeneration in chrysanthemum plantlets were achieved. Satisfactory rooting response was obtained with (2.0 mg/l and 1.5 mg/l IBA0. In vitro raised plantlets were transferred to potted soil for the hardening and after hardening the leaves were collected from the potted chrysanthemum plants for DNA extracts. The maximum survival was found (100%) in potting mixture sand +soil+FYM (1:1:1) and sand+soil+vermicompost (1:1:1). Twenty primers were used for DNA amplification. Out of twenty primers screened, thirteen primers produced amplification. Reproducible and clear banding patterns were obtained in a reaction mixture of 10μl containing 50 ng template DNA, 100 μM of dNTPs mix, 1 μM of primer, 1.5 Mm MgCl2 , 1μl of 10 X Taq DNA polymerase buffer and 2.0 units of Taq DNA polymerase. All the bands were similar and no polymorphism was to be found, which showed that all the plants raised through micro propagation were true to type or identical to the mother plants.