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M. Sc. Dissertations

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2008 - 20092
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Author: Mahesh Kumar × End date: 2012 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Transpiration traits and biodrainage potential of some tree species
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Mahesh Kumar; Datta, K.S.
    The present investigation was carried out on 10 different tree species i.e. Eucalyptus Clone-10, Eucalyptus Clone-130, Eucalyptus Clone-3, Eucalyptus hybrid, Tamarix aphylla, Prosopis juliflora, Callistemon viminalis, Melia azedarach, Terminalia arjuna and Pongamia pinnata to study various transpirational traits and correlate these with their biodrainage potential. For this, their growth parameters (height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and girth) and physiological traits (leaf area index (LAI), stomatal conductance, stomata density, relative water content (RWC), excised leaf water loss (ELWL), potometric water loss (PWL), sub stomatal CO2, transpiration rate, and photosynthesis rate) were recorded. Eucalyptus C-10, Eucalyptus C-3, Eucalyptus C-130 and Eucalyptus hybrid showed maximum plant height and DBH. LAI was highest in Eucalyptus hybrid. Stomatal density was found in the range of 197-335/mm2 on adaxial side, 215-451/mm2 on abaxial side. Minimal stomata density of 167 /mm2 was found in Tamarix aphylla and maximum of 592/ mm2 in Callistemon viminalis. Overall range of stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, sub-stomatal CO2 and transpiration rate were in range of 0.08-0.40 mol m2 S-1, 3.52 to 12.0 μ mol m2 S-1, 325.3- 269.48 μ mol/ mol, 4.22-7.39 m mol m2 S-1 respectively. PWL, RWC, ELWL were on the higher side in Eucalyptus species (varying amongst different species). Melia azedarach showed longer and wider vessels length than other species but Tamarix aphylla had shortest vessels and Eucalyptus Clone -130 had narrowest vessels. Tracheids were longer in Eucalyptus C-10 and shortest in Melia azedarach with wide variation among the different tree species. However, width of tracheids in all the species was in a very narrow range i.e. 20-29 μm. It was seen that water table started declining beneath the plantation after 08.00 hrs, and towards 16.00 hrs it reached a minimum level during the diurnal cycle. Amongst the different tree species biodrainage potential, as determined by decline in water table beneath the plantation, was in order of: Eucalyptus C-10 ≈ Eucalyptus hybrid > Eucalyptus C-130 ≈ Tamarix aphylla > Prosopis juliflora > Eucalyptus C-3 > Callistemon viminalis ≈ Melia azedarach > Terminalia arjuna ≈ Pongamia pinnata. Correlation analysis showed that by and large biodrainage potential had a significant positive correlation with LAI, height, DBH, stomata density and transpiration rate. Trends of significant correlation with other physiological traits like PWL, RWC, ELWL and length and width of tracheary elements were not significantly consistent in all the species.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of sewage water and sewage sludge on fodder sorghum
    (CCSHAU, 2009) Mahesh Kumar; Pahuja, S.S.
    A field experiment entitled, “Effect of sewage water and sewage sludge on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)”, was conducted during kharif season at the KVK Sonipat of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India). The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture; low in organic carbon, nitrogen; low in phosphorus; high in potassium and slightly alkaline in reaction. The field experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. The treatments consisted of all irrigation with sewage water (4 irrigation), 3 irrigation with sewage water + 1 irrigation with tube well water, 2 irrigation with sewage water + 2 irrigation with tube well water, 1 irrigation with sewage water + 3 irrigation with tube well water and all irrigation with tube well water in main plot treatments and sewage sludge @ 10 t ha-1, 50% sewage sludge + 50% recommended fertilizers and recommended fertilizer (80 kg N + 30 kg P2O5) in subplots. The irrigation treatments where all irrigation with sewage water proved its superiority over irrigation treatments with tube well water in respect of plant height, dry matter accumulation. The nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content and uptake was superior where all irrigation with sewage water were applied Significantly the crop harvested higher fodder yield where all irrigation were applied with sewage water. The pH of the soil decrease with the use of sewage water. EC, organic carbon and micronutrient content of soil increased where all irrigation were applied with sewage water compared to where all irrigation were applied with tube well water. Growth parameters, viz., plant height, dry matter accumulation and fodder yield of crop increased with the use of sewage sludge @ 10 t ha-1 over control where recommended fertilizer were applied. The total N, P, K content and uptake, protein content were significantly higher where we use sewage sludge @ 10 t ha-1 were applied compared to recommended fertilizer Based on the study it may be concluded that the application of sewage water and sewage sludge harvested maximum plant height, dry matter accumulation, and fodder yield. The protein content, organic carbon, N, P, and K increased significantly with the use of sewage water and sewage sludge.