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Subject: Zoology × Author: Anand Kumar × End date: 2011 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Modulatory effects of ascorbic acid in fresh water fish cirrhinus mrigala exposed to heavy metals
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Anand Kumar; Sabhlok, V.P.
    Some heavy metals are useful for animal body which helps in growth and other metabolic function of the body. But some other heavy metals are not useful for body. Zinc is useful for body but to a limit. Whenever this limit increases it can change biochemical composition of body. The aim of present investigation was to study the effects of heavy metals viz., zinc and lead in fresh water fish Cirrhinus mrigala with or without ascorbic acid feeding so as to find out the ameliorating effects of the ascorbic acid. The heavy metal treatment of 45 days resulted in disfunctioning in swimming, feeding, behaviour, body colour and some diseases like hemorrhage, fin erosion, scale erosion, blood oozing etc. in fish body because of biochemical changes in fish body. Liver/serum protein level decreased in both the treatments of zinc and lead. A maximum reduction of protein was at higher dose level of heavy metals. The level of cholesterol increased in both treatments i.e. zinc and lead but cholesterol level increased much more in the lead treatment as compared to zinc treatment. The enzyme activities of SDH, GDH, PDH decreased in both treatment i.e. zinc and lead. The ascorbic acid at the rate of 400 mg/kg (21 days) feeding was given to fish so as to find out the ameliorating effects. There was an improvement in the protein levels, cholesterol levels and the enzymatic activities of SDH, GDH and PDH. The ascorbic acid contents decreased with an increase of the dose level of heavy metals because ascorbic acid reduces the toxicity of heavy metals. This is the reason that the protein, cholesterol and enzymatic activities of SDH, GDH and PDH improved when ascorbic acid feeding was given to fish. After 45 days treatment of zinc and lead, fish was exposed to metal free water for recovery period of 21 days. There was a 5-50% recovery in fish protein, cholesterol and the enzymatic activities of SDH, GDH and PDH. The zinc and lead treatment at different dose levels i.e. 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 ppm, showed the toxic effects in C. mrigala and there was a change in the behaviour, external body symptoms, protein level, cholesterol level and the enzymatic activities of the fish.