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M. Sc. Dissertations

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2004 - 200912010 - 20164
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of Women’s Education on Socio-Economic Status of Rural Families in Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2004) Sunita Rani; Bangarwa, B.S.
    Education would make women to better contribute to family earning to adopt desirable family size norms, rear children in better ways, broaden his outlook and soften dogma and prejudices which reflect on child personality. So the study was carried out to know the impact of women education on socio-economic status of rural families in Haryana. The study concentrated on the objectives given underneath : 7. To find out the existing socio-economic status of rural families. 8. To study the association between education of women and socio-economic status. 9. To suggest measures to improve the socio-economic status of rural families. The study was carried out in two villages. Kanwalgarh and Kabular from Fatehabad and Rohtak districts respectively of Haryana state to know the impact of women education on two hundred respondents were selected randomly. The researcher personally gathered the information from the respondents with the help of pretested interview schedule. The study revealed that 96% and 89% of the respondents were married in Fatehabad and Rohtak respectively. 47 percent and 51 percent of the respondents belonged to upper caste 30% of the respondents were landless and 55% were large farmers. 50.50% of the respondents representing small families and 62.50 were belonged to nuclear family. A overwhelming (63%) of the respondents main occupation was agriculture. Majority (51%) of the respondents were illiterates. Half of the respondents belonged to medium income group. Annual family income increase with increase in literacy status no association was found between literacy status and age of respondents. Most of the respondents main occupation in both the district was agriculture i.e. 73 % in Fatehabad and 54% in Rohtak. A signficiant association was found between literacy status and land holding. Only 9% and 13% social participation exist in Fathabad and Rohtak respectively. Size of family was found decreasing with increase in literacy. Among literate respondents 1% in Fatehabad and 2% in Rohtak belonged to large family size. Literate respondent were assisting help to their children in studies and performance of children of literate respondents also showing better performance in studies rather than the children of illiterate respondents. A significant association was found between literacy status and possession of house hold articles. Possession of house hold articles was found high in literate respondents. Association between literacy status and decision regarding purchase of house hold articles was found significant. Thirty percent and 33% of literate respondents in Fatehabad and Rohtak respectively were participating in decision regarding purchase of house hold articles and in illiterate it was 19% and 3% in Fatehabad and Rohtak respectively. Literate respondents were found aware about the future planning of their children i.e. 13% in Fatehabad and 43% in Rothak. The study concludes that women education enhances family income, occupation, decision-making process, performance of children in studies, social participation and reduces family size. Therefore, it is suggested that for the improvement of socio-economic status of family women education needs attention.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Gender discrimination against girl child among parents in rural communities of Haryana-An action research
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Deepika; Kathpalia, Jatesh
    Sociologically the word gender refers to the socio-cultural definition of man and woman, the way societies distinguish men and women and assign them social roles. It was believed that the different characteristics, roles and status accorded to women and men in society are determined by sex, that they are natural and therefore not changeable.As soon as a child is born families and society begin the process of gendering. The birth of the son is celebrated with happy heart while is the birth of a daughter filled with pain; sons are showered with love, respect, better food and proper health care. Boys are encouraged to be tough and outgoing; girlsare encouraged to be homebound and shy. All these differences are gender differences and they are created by society. Gender inequality is therefore a form of inequality which is distinct from other forms of economic and social inequalities. The study was concluded among 200 parents in Hisar district in two selected blocks (from block I Dahima and Bhojraj villages and from block II Chaudhriwas and Kalwas villages) of Haryana state. The study concluded that fathers 26 percent had more discrimination in girl child education than mothers. Mostly discrimination was found in joint and large sized families . The parents who were illiterate and had low income status also revealed more gender discrimination. Fathers 83percent alone had a much higher access and cent percent control on capital resources in term of income, credit and savings. Whereas mostly 71.5 percent household chores were performed by mothers. Conclusively, it can be inferred from findings that gender discrimination has been observed in most of the families in form of unequal distribution of resources in families, decline sex ratio, high school dropout rate among female children in lack of professional in distribution of roles and responsibilities and male and female member of families. Parents with limited financial resources had a strong preference for sons. As a result, priority for resource favourable opportunities ranging from health care to socio-economic parameters;education may be given to daughters.Significant association was found between favourable attitude of the father respondents and various socio-economic parameters such as education, occupation, role allocation towards girl child. It clearly indicated that trends are changing now and it is a positive step towards gender equality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Awareness among rural women about reservation for women in panchayati raj institutions
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Sunil Kumar; Dahiya, Sushila
    The women must practically involve in changing and transforming human mind to adjust with the values of truth, beauty and goodness. For women reservation in PRIs is a means of helping them to play an active role in the development processes. To make women’s participation effective their awareness plays an important role in social productivity. The study was conducted in Fatehabad district of Haryana state which was selected purposively. Out of 6 blocks in Fatehabad district, two blocks, namely, Fatehabad and Ratia were selected randomly. Two villages, namely, Badopal and Dhanger were selected from Fatehabad block and other two villages, namely Hasanga and Raipur were selected from Ratia block randomly. From each village; fifty respondents were selected randomly. Therefore 200 respondents constituted the sample for the study. The present study was undertaken with the following objectives (i) To ascertain the level of awareness among the rural women regarding the reservation for women in PRIs. (ii) To find out the socio-psychological factors affecting the awareness of rural women about reservation for women in PRIs (iii) To suggest suitable measures to improve the awareness among rural women regarding the women reservation in PRIs. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents were either illiterate or less educated. The majority of the respondents (60%) were from nuclear family and near about half of the respondents (48%) had small family size. Only one-fourth of the respondents had high socioeconomic status. The maximum numbers of the respondents had belonged to farming occupation. The study furnished that more than half of the respondents (54%) had medium political background. The majority of respondents who were having high socio-economic status, higher mass-media exposure, high level of cosmopoliteness nature, high level of social participation and having high level of political background had found high level of awareness about women reservation in PRIs. In concern of overall awareness it is found that 39.0% of the respondents had medium level of awareness while one-third of respondents still had low level of awareness regarding reservation for women in PRIs. The level of awareness and age, education, socio-economic status, occupation, annual income, social participation, mass-media exposure, cosmopoliteness, political background and political interest of the respondents were found highly significantly associated. It is clear from this study that social participation and mass media exposure playing important role in improving awareness among rural women, so various awareness generating programmes such as mock panchayats, puppetry, songs, exhibitions, informal group discussion, canvassing and counseling sessions should be introduced in rural areas through government as well as N.G.Os which would help in improving awareness level among rural women about reservation for women in PRIs.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Problems of women scientist - A sociological analysis
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Rahul; Tyagi, Rashmi
    Though the education and employment environment in the last two decades for women in science and technology has witnessed a positive transformation, the deep rooted issues in socio culture acceptance have not been adequately addressed. As a result women are still victims of gender disparity in families and at work places. The other factors that play a significant role in women’s academic careers include the constraints of dual careers; access to quality child care, individuals perception regarding professional recognition and career satisfaction and other quality of life issues. Analysis revealed that 63% of respondent’s belonged to nuclear families while rest 37% in joint families. The majority of respondents was married and had arranged marriages. The women scientists are constantly confronted with the ideas and expectations of traditional society while conforming to a contemporary code of conduct at work. Analysis revealed that nearly half of the women scientists they belonged to old age group followed by 31%, 22% in middle and young age group respectively. The majority of the respondents were doctorates in the present study (80%) followed by any other professional/ vocational degree like B.Ed. (11%) and rest 9% were post graduates. The study revealed, that majority of the respondents (30%) were born in villages followed by small city (26%) and rest of 22%, 19% and 3% from town, big city and metropolises respectively. Analysis revealed that 92% of the respondents were married while 3% of the respondents were unmarried. The study reported that work beyond office hours (51%) is the major social problem of women scientist followed by inflexibility of working hours (38%). Age, caste, education, family type, family size, mass media exposure and service experience of the respondents was found highly significantly associated with the level of social problem of women scientists. Majority of middle age of women (58.06%) and young respondents (40.90%) had high level of social problem on the other hand medium (51.06%) level of social problems were found among the respondents who belonged to old age group. It is clearly revealed that 43% of the respondents faced problem of late hours working in the office followed by (24%) of the respondents who faced problem while away from office to attend conference and it also clearly revealed that 32% respondents had partly control over their income followed by 25% of the respondents’ incomes were contro lled by any other combination. The main psychological problems faced by 46% of the respondents were sleep disturbance followed by 34% of the respondents who had severe headache problem. Age, caste, education and mass media exposure of the respondent is found highly significantly associated with level of domestic problems face by respondents. The majority of women were satisfied with the environment at work place.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    study of social and economic factors affecting gender preferences among rural people
    (CCSHAU, 2013) Mukesh; Satnam Kaur
    In Haryana, sex ratio is lowest of all the states with even lower child sex ratio. It is being considered that the dramatic decline in the child ratio is mainly due to the practice of female foeticide. As the state of Haryana experienced tremendous economic development, it is expected that this development might have an impact on its socio-cultural life and change of attitudes. The present study was conducted to study the pattern of gender preferences of rural people; to identify social and economic factors affecting gender preferences; and to assess knowledge of rural people about state interventions to improve sex ratio. The study was conducted in two villages of Hisar-II block of Hisar district of Haryana State. Respondents for data collection were male head of the household and his wife from 100 households selected randomly from these two villages, thereby constituting a sample of 200 i.e. 100 men and 100 women. Data were collected on interview schedule and suitably analyzed. Sex ratio in the sample households was 839 which is less than the sex ratio of the Hisar district as per 2011 Census. Child sex ratio was 818, which is also less than that of the district i.e. 849. Almost all the respondents mentioned the necessity of having a son in the family. The reasons mentioned by a vast majority were: to perform the last rites of parents; to carry on the family name and to look after parents in old age. As regards relationship of socioeconomic factors with reasons for necessity of a son, study revealed that age, caste, family type, major occupation of family, land owned, change agent linkage, mass media exposure and socio-economic status were affecting the reasons mentioned by the respondents. As regards daughters, all but one per cent mentioned the necessity of having a daughter in the family. But the reasons mentioned for the same were not so compelling indicating that even if there is no daughter, it does not matter. A vast majority of the respondents wanted daughter for emotional support. Though they considered daughter necessary, a vast majority (81.50%) also considered them to be a burden. Major reasons for considering daughter as a burden are: increasing dowry demands, problem of finding suitable grooms, fear of loss of family honour and rise in sexual harassment of girls. Rituals were performed to beget a boy by more respondents as compared to beget a girl. Women out-numbered men in performing these rituals. A vast majority were found celebrating the birth of a boy as compared to very few celebrating the birth of a girl. An overwhelming majority of the respondents were aware of the declining sex ratio and cited female foeticide as the main reason for it. Lesser availability of brides, increase in crime against women, lack of female work force and rise in polyandry were cited as major implications of this phenomenon. A vast majority of the respondents were aware of PNDT Act, though a wide knowledge gap existed as regards its provisions. Half of the respondents were aware of the Ladli Yojana of Haryana Government. More percentage of women (55.00%) were aware about this scheme as compared to men. More than one third respondents were also having knowledge about the various provisions of the scheme. As regards, free education schemes for girls, three-fourth of the respondents were aware and majority of them also knew about various provisions under this scheme. As regards availing benefits of the government schemes, only 12 and 18 per cent respondents availed themselves of the benefits of Ladli Yojana and free education schemes of the government, respectively. Respondents gave a number of suggestions for improving the sex ratio including imposing strict legal measures against dowry, female foeticide, sexual crime against women and household violence.