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M. Sc. Dissertations

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20092
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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Varietal characterization based on morphological and biochemical techniques in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2009) Jain, Umesh Kumar; Verma, S.S.
    In the present study, fifteen varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were characterized based on twelve morphological descriptors at Research Farm of Rice Research Station, Kaul and biochemical tests in the laboratories of Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2007-08. The study revealed that all the varieties of rice were identified on the basis of morphological parameters viz. leaf colour, plant habit, flag leaf angle, node base colour, awning, colour of lemma & palea, length of awning, 100-seed weight (g) and 50% days of flowering, response to different chemicals (Phenols, Modified phenols with Cu++ or Fe++ or Na2CO3, NaOH and FeSO4). The study revealed that leaf pigmentation, hairiness of leaf sheath and leaf blade, secondary branching of panicle and KOH-bleach test were not found much helpful in distinguishing the rice varieties. It was also observed that individual morphological parameter or chemical test was not able to distinguish all the varieties. However, the combinations of different morphological and chemical tests were found useful in identification of individual variety. The results also revealed that Tris-HCl buffer soluble seed storage proteins of fifteen rice varieties were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and found the resultant banding patterns enabled identification of all varieties confirming the distinguishing power of this procedure for varietal identification of rice. Hence, it could be used as a powerful tool to identify every genotype in a short period of time. It is, therefore, concluded that the morphological parameters and biochemical tests could be used for genetic purity testing in rice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seed quality evaluation in American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2009) Madhu D.R.; Punia, R.C.
    Seed quality plays an important role in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. With an array of possible viability and vigour tests available, appropriate procedures of evaluating seed performance is a very difficult job but a necessity. Keeping these aspect in view present investigation is carried out to evaluate different seed lots of American cotton and comparative efficacy of seed viability and vigour test as predictor of standard germination and seedling establishment. The eighteen seed lots of three varieties were subjected to various viability, vigour tests with three replications, and observations were recorded on standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index – I , vigour index – II, seed weight, seed density, electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, tetrazolium test, pH exudates test, accelerated ageing, field emergence index and seedling establishment. Results revealed that significant mean squares values showed the wide variation among the seed lots for all parameters studied. Among all the 18 seed lots 15th seed lot has been found superior for all the viability and vigour parameters except seedling length, vigour index-1, seed weight, seed density. On the contrary, 8th and 11th seed lots found to be inferior for all the viability and vigour parameters except seedling length, seed weight, seed density. In respect of varieties, H-1226 was found to be superior for most of the parameters whereas H-1117 was found to be inferior for most of the parameters. All the parameters were significantly correlated with standard germination (except seed weight) and seedling establishment (except seed weight and seed density). The electrical conductivity significantly and negatively correlated with standard germination and seedling establishment. Tetrazolium test followed by vigour index-2 showed highest reliabilityfor prediction of standard germination whereas standard field emergence index followed by tetrazolium test njshowed the highest reliability for prediction of seedling establishment. pH exudate test, tetrazolium test and vigour index-2 had highest positive direct effect on standard germinatin, seedling establishment and seedling dry weight respectively. Correlation coefficient analysis, regression analysis and path coefficient analysis revealed that vigour and viability parameters like tetrazolium test, DHA test, vigour indices, electrical conductivity, accelerated ageing, pH test and seedling dry weight can be used as reliable predictors of standard germination and seedling establishment in American cotton. The pH exudates test and tetrazolium test were preferably most suitable because of easy, quick and cost effective in their execution.