Loading...
M. Sc. Dissertations
Browse
13 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Seed Source Variation for Seed and Seedling Characters in Kair [Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew.](CCSHAU, 2006) Kalu Ram; Bangarwa, K. S.Seeds were collected from five randomly selected trees of Capparis decidua from each of two sites from Rajasthan (Hanumangarh, Bhadra) and Haryana (Sirsa, Hisar) provenances during September 2005. The seeds of all the twenty progenies arising from four provenances were used for provenance testing in nursery and seed storage up to six months. Fruit diameter ranged from 14.79 to 22.88 mm with a general mean of 17.83 mm. Variability for fruit diameter was comparatively higher in Hanumangarh and Sirsa. Analysis of variance showed the presence of significant variation among progenies for germination per cent, plant height and collar diameter, whereas significant variation among provenances were observed for plant height and collar diameter. Medium values of phenotypic coefficient of variation and little difference from genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for all the three characters, viz., germination per cent, plant height and collar diameter. Heritability estimates and genetic advance were also found high for all the characters under study. Progeny number 8 from Bhadra provenance was found overall best for all the three characters viz., germination per cent, plant height and collar diameter. Progeny number 6 from Bhadra was found significantly superior than general mean for plant height and collar diameter whereas progeny number 1 from Hanumangarh was found significantly superior than general mean for germination per cent and plant height. In general, the provenances like Hanumangarh and Bhadra were found superior for seedling characters. Standard germination of fresh seeds varied from 53.74 per cent in progeny no.17 from Hisar to 62.21 per cent in progeny no.1 from Hanumangarh with a mean of 59.08 per cent. The average germination per cent of fresh seed (59.08) was reduced to 44.87 per cent three months after storage and which was further reduced to 32.73 per cent six months after storage. The reduction in both vigour index-I and vigour index-II were observed higher than standard germination for all the progenies up to six months of storage.ThesisItem Open Access Vegetative propagation of Dalbergia sissoo (Roxb.) through stem cutting(CCSHAU, 2006) Praveen Kumar; Bimlendra KumariThe experiment was conducted in the nursery of the Department of Forestry in CCS, Haryana Agricultural University (India) during February and August season of 2003-04. The cuttings taken form 8 to 10 years old tree from three zones of canopy i.e. upper, middle and lower with thickness i.e. 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm diameter (thin) and 1.1 cm to 1.5 cm (thick). These cutting treated with different plant growth regulators viz. indole-3-butyric acid, indole-3-acetic acid, nepthalic acid at three concentration levels i.e. 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 and combination of thiamine with 500 ppm of each growth regulator. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with three replication. The results revealed that cutting planted in February season gave better percentage of rooting (60.6%), number of roots per cutting (4.0), root length (12.0 cm) per cutting and weight of roots (0.37g) than August planted cuttings. All the roots characteristics obtained were better with thick cutting than thin cutting and canopy levels followed the trend of lower, middle and upper canopy i.e. cutting from the lower canopy gave best results. IBA 1000 ppm was most effective in sprouting (75.5%) and rooting (66.4%) of Dalbergia sissoo stem cutting. All the PGRs treatment gave significantly better results in both the season with all the canopy levels and with thick as well as thin cutting over control. From the studies, it was concluded that when the cutting of Dalbergia sissoo is taken from lower canopy with diameter 1.1-1.5 cm (thick) treated with indole-3-butyric acid 1000 ppm planted in February season gave the best results with respect to duration of sprouting, percentage of sprouting, number of leaves per cutting, number of roots per cutting, weight of root and shoot, percentage of rooting and rootshoot weight ratio and average length of root per cutting.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on seed germination and storability of Rohida(CCSHAU, 2008) Ravi Kant; Bimlendra KumariThe present investigation was carried out on Rohida seeds. The seed material was collected from four different seed sources viz., Churu, Ding Mandi, Jhumpa and Rajgarh. The present study was conducted during 2005-06 at nursery area of Department of Forestry and laboratories of Department of Seed Science and Technology and Department of Forestry CCS HAU, Hisar. The objective of investigation was: To evaluate different seed sources for seed viability, germination and seedling growth behavior; To determine the storability of Rohida seed. Various morphological characters of Rohida trees from four different geographical locations were recorded and seeds were collected from the selected trees. Seed quality parameters such as seed size (length and breadth), colour, test weight, germination percent (74 %), speed of germination (13.63 %), radicle (6.30 cm) and plumule length(5.30 cm), seedling dry weight (415.60 mg), dehydrogenase activity (1.40), electrical conductivity vigour index I and II were studied of freshly harvested seeds and then stored in ambient storage conditions. The seeds of all the four different places were aged artificially at various time (24, 48 and 72 h) and temperature (40±1oC) variables. Accelerated ageing of seeds for 24 h at 40±1oC produced a clear separation and provide better results. Then seeds of all the four different places were tested to study physiological basis for loss in viability. It was observed that standard germination, seedling length, dry weight, vigour index I, vigour index II and viability percentage was found maximum in Rajgarh seed source.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on breeding of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio Lin.) using modified breeding technique(CCSHAU, 2010) Verma, Nitin; Gupta, R.K.Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one among the earliest species to be cultured. Its maturation and breeding is affected by biotic and abiotic environmental conditions of water. Nutrition is known to have profound effect upon gonadal growth as well as larval development. Common carp breeding is still very traditional in India, including Haryana.Quantity of common carp seed which is available is needed to be most economic and technique should be such that the resources are utilized most efficiently to meet the demand of farmers and entrepreneurs. The field experiment was designed under four sets of pond with three replicates and one controlled experimental pond. Fish weight, length, gonad weight, Gonado somatic index and fecundity were estimated for observing maturity of fishes. The effect of nutritious feed and environmental conditions on fertilization, hatching and survival of larvae were also studied. In the field experiment wide range of seasonal fluctuations were observed in the following factors. Water temperature showed a range of 9-28.5°C throughout the experiment. There was not much fluctuation in all the experimental pools. Conductivity values for different experimental pools were different and minimum value was recorded during onset of winter season. The pH values were found to range between 5.2 -7.3. During initial stages the pH value were lower and showed a gradual increase in the later stages. The variation in DO values ranged from 4.2-7.28 mg/l in different experimental ponds. DO content increased with higher production of photosynthetic organisms. Free CO2 varied between 0.03-6 mg/l. On cloudy day maximum free CO2 content was found initially because of more concentration of phytoplankton. Pattern of changes in both carbonate and bicarbonate alkalinities in different experimental sets were more or less similar. The carbonate alkalinity was observed to show a reverse trend to that of free CO2. It ranged between 0-5.6 mg/l. Bicarbonate alkalinity ranged from 86 to 124 mg/l in all experimental pools during the experiment. The BOD was higher initially. The value ranged between 0.48-8.96 mg/l. Some fluctuation is found in Hardness ranged between 156-189.7 ppm. Plankton volume ranged between 0.015- 0.018 cc/l in different experimental sets. Highest plankton volume was recorded in 1st week of February. The Gross primary productivity value was found to be low during clouds and rain. Fertilization, hatching and fry produced were also observed and found to be highest in the hatchlings produced from 6:1 male to female ratio. The highest growth was observed in hatchlings that were fed on rice bran & mustard oil cake in 1:1@150% of initial body weight.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on growth potential, market trend and wood volume tables of poplar (Populus deltoides) grown in Haryana(CCSHAU, 2012) Doha, Amit Singh; Bangarwa, K. S.The present investigation entitled “Studies on growth potential, market trend and wood volume tables of poplar (Populus deltoides) grown in Haryana” was carried out in the Yamunanagar district of Haryana, India. One to 6 years old plantations of poplar (G 48) with spacing’s of 5×4 m, 4×4 m, 6×3 m were selected for recording data in order to find out growth potential (height and DBH). Current annual increment for basal diameter was observed highest in 5 × 4 m spacing during all the six years as well as on the overall basis. The current annual increment for total height were in increasing order up to 4th year in all the three spacing as well as on overall basis. The rate of growth for total height was in decreasing order from 4th year to 6th year in all the three spacing. Ninety one randomly selected trees were sampled to predict the weight and volume table for poplar tree. Four equations were fitted using linear and non linear regression techniques to predict the volume table. Two models (Schumacher and Hall and single-entry) were used to predict the green timber weight. Results were statistically and graphically analyzed. All equations had very good-fit statistics. The Schumacher and Hall model was selected to estimate the volume of standing poplar trees in Haryana. It is not always easy to measure total height of each standing tree, which is both time consuming and cumbersome. Therefore, regression equation of timber volume based on DBH alone was also worked out. Survey of Yamunanagar market was conducted to find out prices of four types of poplar wood pieces. Prices of all the four types of poplar wood pieces for the last four years were recorded from randomly selected ten poplar wood purchasing units. Market survey for poplar wood suggests increasing trend from 2004 for all the four categories (over, under, sokta and dandi). The increase in poplar wood price for the last 3 years was comparatively low.ThesisItem Open Access Plus tree selection, progeny testing and reproductive biology of Khejri (Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce)(CCSHAU, 2016) Preeti Singh; Bangarwa, K.S.The vital importance of Prosopis cineraria in present day context in terms of its multiple uses in general and lack of information on its genetic aspects especially reproductive biology, plus tree selection and progeny testing, promoted the present study. The study was conducted by collecting seeds from plus trees from areas around Bhiwani, Fatehabad, Bawal and Bhattu in Haryana based on the desirable characters of economic interest. The remaining part of this study comprised the investigation on phenology, floral biology and breeding systems were carried out on the trees growing at the field of Forestry department of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2014-15. A considerable amount of variation for different morphological characters such as height, clear bole height, girth at breast height etc. was found among twenty one plus trees from Haryana. Ample genetic variation was also observed for field emergence, seedling height, basal diameter, root: shoot ratio etc. among the progenies of the selected plus trees. Among all the progenies, the progeny of PC11 from Bawal was found most outstanding followed by the progeny of PC8 from Fatehabad. Defoliation started during the month of November and continued till end of January. Initiation of leaf primordial was noticed during the last week of February at the terminal end of the branches. Panicle initiation started in the first week of March and continued till 2 nd of April. The floral buds started to open from first week of April to third week of April. The flowering pattern was asynchronous i.e. new flowers were developing at different times on the same tree. The trees were in full bloom from second week of April to third week of May. Maximum flower opening ranging from 84.38 to 93.82 per cent was recorded between 0800-0900 h. The shiny stigma a reflection of stigma receptivity occurred between 0800 to 1100 h. Khejri tree was found cross fertilizing in which percent pod set varied from 0 for selfing to 2.03 per cent for natural open pollination.ThesisItem Open Access Plus tree selection, progeny testing and reproductive biology of mahaneem (Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.)(CCSHAU, 2016) Daneva, Vijay; Dhillon, R.S.The vital importance of mahaneem in present day context in terms of its multiple uses in general and lack of information on its genetic aspects especially reproductive biology, plus tree selection and progeny testing promoted the present study. The investigation on phenology, floral biology and breeding system were carried out on the trees growing in campus of CCS HAU, Hisar. The remaining part of the study was conducted by collecting seeds from plus trees representing different eco-geographical regions of Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat on the basis of economically desirable traits. Mild defoliation started in mid of March and continued up to end of May. However, in young seedlings in nursery sever leaf fall was noticed during first week of March. In majority of trees, the leaves turned to yellowish brown colour during the first week of March followed by light to moderate defoliation. However, rigorous leaf fall was observed in May and bulk of defoliation occurred from May 13-28. There was complete defoliation before the initiation of new vegetative growth and the new leaves started coming up after all the leaves had shed off. After 3-4 days of leaf bud emergence, new leaves light green in colour arose and within one week these new leaves turned into dark green colour. The leaves attained their full size in about three weeks. The floral buds started to open during last week of February. Peak period of flowering varied from 9-13 days. Maximum flower opening ranging from 85.71 to 92.85 per cent was recorded between 0800-0900 h. The flowering pattern showed a low rate initially during last week of February, gradually increasing to peak during first fortnight of March, followed by cessation from second fortnight of March. The period of fruit development and maturity ranged from 63 - 74 days. The fruit maturity was observed from the last week of May to first fortnight of June. Duration of panicle initiation to fruit maturity varied from 132 to 140 days. Pollen stainability was 85.58 to 91.49 per cent. The average pod setting of 12.60 per cent was recorded under open pollination which ranged from 8.51 to 19.05 per cent on different trees. However, in selfing/bagging, pod setting varied from 0 to 10.39 per cent with a mean of 5.26. Pod setting under selfing and open pollination differ significantly, which form a strong evidence for facultative xenogamous/often cross pollination in mahaneem. A considerable amount of variation for different morphological characters such as height, clear bole height, girth at breast height etc. was found among twenty one diverse plus trees for morphological traits. Ample genetic variation was also observed for field emergence, seedling height, basal diameter, root length and number of branches among the progenies of the selected plus trees. Considering several desirable traits simultaneously, the progenies of plus trees AE19, AE17, AE21 and AE10 appeared promising than others under study. High heritability coupled with genetic advance was found in field emergence and seedling dry weight.ThesisItem Open Access Effects of salinity on physiological and growth parameters of Melia composita Willd. at establishment stage(CCSHAU, 2015) Varma, Suraj; Beniwal, R.S.The objectives of present investigation were to assess the extent of salt tolerance in Melia composita seedlings at establishment stage and also to study the effect of salinity levels (control, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 and 40 dSm-1) on various physiological and growth parameters. In this experiment, seeds from selected plus tree were grown in pots in screen house containing sand and soil in 2:1 proportion. Six seeds were sown in each pot; however, after germination 3 seedlings were maintained in each pot. All the pots were irrigated with normal water till 90 days of their growth and after three months the seedlings were subjected to salinity stress for 25 days by irrigating with saline water till the point of tolerance to salinity. Required saline concentration were prepared by adding calculated amounts of chloride and sulphate salts of Na, Ca, and Mg as solutions on equivalent weight basis. It was observed that salinity stress caused decreases in stem radial diameter and shoot length compared to control plants. These decreases were, however, less in radial growth in 4 dSm-1 adapted seedlings compared to the increased salinity stress. A significant increment in basal diameter was observed in control seedlings (57.9%) compared to 8 dSm-1 salinity level. Similarly, shoot length also decreased significantly in response to salt stress. It was found that the root length decreased significantly at 12 dSm-1 compared to control, however, root build up was not negatively affected at 4 and 8 dSm-1 levels. Significant increase in number of leaves was observed in nonstressed seedlings; however, salinity stress caused significant reduction in number of leaves at 4, 8 and 12 dSm-1 (13.9%, 19.4% and 39.7%, respectively) when compared to control plants. Similar significant reductions in plant part biomass were also found at 8 and 12 dSm-1 salinity level compared to control. Total chlorophyll contents in leaves declined in response to increasing salt stress; but, an increase in chlorophyll content was observed at 4 dSm-1 (16.18 mg/g) compared to control (15.80 mg/g), which was 2.40% more than the mean value of control. Beyond 4 dSm-1, total chlorophyll content in leaves reduced significantly compared to control. In contrast, carotenoid contents in leaves increased significantly in response to increasing salinity levels. Proline accumulation in leaves increased significantly in 4 and 8 dSm-1 adapted seedlings in response to salinity stress compared to control, and it was accumulated 3 times more in 8 dSm-1 adapted seedlings compared to control. At 4 dSm-1 adapted seedlings, leaves sugar levels were 11.06% higher compared to control seedlings and these were still significantly higher and on the increasing trend (22.74% more) in 8 dSm-1 adapted plants. Salt stress caused significant decrease (6.25%) in moisture content in leaves of 8 dSm-1 adapted seedlings. It was, however, observed in this experiment that the greater the cell damage, the greater was the leakage which resulted in higher conductivity. Leakage of electrolytes were 67.8 and 104.0% more in 4 and 8 dSm-1 adapted seedlings, respectively compared to control. All the physiological and growth parameters were determined only up to 12 dSm-1 level. After 8 dSm-1 plants could not survive due to ions toxicity and mortality occurred.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic characterization of different clones of poplar (Populus deltoides Marsh.) grown in Haryana(CCSHAU, 2015) Rajiv Kumar; Bimlendra KumariGrowth performance of the 19 promising clones of Populus deltoides, have been statistically analyzed for different growth parameters viz; sprouting percentage, colour and shape of buds (after one month), total height, collar diameter, inter-nodal length, number of roots, number of branches, root length, volume index, total biomass (fresh shoot + fresh root weight ), bark colour and texture, disease resistance (after six months and one year), number of leaves, leaf fall duration, leaf length, leaf width and leaf area index at nursery stage. Taxonomic evaluation (colour and shape of buds) revealed that the clonal characters of the studied represent the source of germplasm from Populus deltoides of section Aigeirous. Results of the studies revealed that clone W39 showed best performance in total height, collar diameter, number of branches, number of roots, volume index and biomass. Clone W32 had more inter-nodal length and root length than others. Clone Udai, G48, W110, S7C8, Bahar, S7C1 were found the most promising clones in this study in all growth parameters. Wimco seedlings ltd. clones showed better performance in all above mentioned growth characters than FRIAM clones. Leaf parameters were statistically analyzed in all 19 clones, these varied significantly . Poplar is a deciduous species, therefore leaf related characters were studied in the winter months while vegetative buds remained stable during whole study. The correlation results indicating the feasibility of selection of clones for higher values of total height, collar diameter, root length and volume index. Leaf samples from the young plants of different clones of poplar were collected for molecular analysis. The extraction method (CTAB), DNA purification, PCR reaction conditions were standardized to obtain genet ic diversity. This study was carried out to find out genetic diversity among the 19 Populus deltoides clones. Out of the 30 RAPD markers used in this study, only 11 showed polymorphic pattern and showed a total of 94 fragments. Out of these, 59 bands were polymorphic and 35 were monomorphic. Average number of fragments amplified was 8.54. Cluster analysis of RAPD data using UPGMA separated 19 clones into 2 major clusters at similarity coefficient at 0.43.The genetic dissimilarity index calculated varied from 0.20 to 0.73 for 19 Poplar clones.The maximum similarity value (0.73) was observed between clone FRIAM 100 and W32 indicating FRIAM 100 and W32 to be most closely related genotypes. In spite of low number of bands that detected polymorphism, RAPD analysis indicated in this study that there is high genetic diversity among Populus deltoides clones analyzed.