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M. Sc. Dissertations

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2011 - 20166
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Subject: Family Resource Management × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development and testing of low cost solar box for drying of vegetables
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Gautam, Anita; Singal, Savita
    The study was conducted in two parts viz. preliminary survey and experimental work. Survey was carried out in 2 villages of Hisar district to study the existing practices of drying of vegetables with a sample of 100 women respondents (50 from each village) who were drying vegetables at home. In part-II, experiments were conducted to develop a low cost solar box, solar drying of vegetables, and testing the cooking quality of dried vegetables. Majority of the respondents were drying fenugreek leaves, kachar, and chillies. Some respondents also dried bitter gourd, round gourd, cluster beans, cauliflower, green peas and in the quantity of 4-6 kgs for about 6 months. Experiments were conducted in the open area of department of Family Resource Management CCSHAU, Hisar under three phases. In phase-I low cost solar box (measurements: length-1.2 m, width-0.6 m, height of front wall-0.2 m, height of back wall-0.6 m) were developed with the help of College of Agricultural Engineering.. All sides of box and lid were covered with white polythene sheet and base was covered with black polythene sheet. Holes (1cm diameter) was made in the front wall and at the back wall of the box for the inlet and outlet of air. In phase-II, eight vegetables were selected viz. green peas, carrot, fenugreek leaves, cluster beans, round gourd, cauliflower, bitter gourd, and french beans for drying in open sun and in solar box. Initial moisture content of these vegetables was recorded with the help of oven on wet basis. Drying of selected vegetables was conducted from 10.00 am to 4.00 pm under open sun (Sample A) and inside solar box (Sample B) Temperature inside solar box was higher than ambient temperature. Therefore, box drying rate of vegetables inside solar box was faster than open sun drying. Solar box dried vegetables regained more moisture than open sun dried vegetables when soaked in water. In phase-III, cooking quality of dried vegetables was evaluated on the basis of organoleptic test (using 9 point hedonic scale) through 10 judges. Results showed that overall acceptability of solar box dried cooked vegetables in terms of color, appearance, aroma, texture and taste almost all were significantly better than cooking quality of open sun dried vegetables.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management Of household waste In urban areas In Hisar district
    (2011) Hemlata; Sangwan, Veena
    The present investigation aims at studying the existing garbage disposal practices and selecting the efficient and easy disposal method to be introduced at household level and studying its acceptability. Knowledge level of the respondents about various aspects related to garbage and its problems was tested before and after the mass media exposure. Existing method of waste generation and disposal was studied on a sample of 100 respondents in two localities of Hisar district.. Experiment work was conducted in Dept of Family Resource Management, COHS, CCSHAU, Hisar. Effectiveness of the compost prepared was tested on the basis of C/N ratio. Regarding generation of waste, varying nature of waste including organic and inorganic was coming out of every household and maximum share was of organic waste (91.19%). Out of 8.81 per cent of inorganic waste, paper was generated in large quantity (3.75%) followed by clothes (1.94%). Majority of the respondents were not satisfied with the existing garbage disposal practices outside the home (64.0%). Compost prepared with earthworms was found best as it had narrowed C/N ratio. After mass media exposure, maximum gain in knowledge was found on various aspects of waste and its problems. Gain in knowledge was highest for ‘Effect of garbage on health and environment’ (43.34%) followed by ‘vermicomposting of organic waste’ (40.21 %) and segregation of garbage (37.11). Regarding various aspects of acceptability of the appropriate disposal method it was found that the respondents were willing to do segregation of garbage and found segregation as easy to do. Regarding vermicomposting technique most of the respondents liked vermicomposting and reported it as a good method of converting household waste into rich manure. However, did not agree to adopt this method at household level but agreed to segregate the garbage if composting is done at community level. At household level organic waste is being generated as a huge amount, 91.19 per cent of the total waste. If this organic waste can be disposed off at close vicinity by vermicomposting, a major problem can be tackled down along with saving the environment.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ergonomic Evaluation of Conventional and Improved Methods of Aonla Pricking
    (CCSHAU, 2012) Rai, Arpana; Gandhi, Sudesh
    Indian food preservation industry is predominantly occupied with processed aonla products especially aonla preserve. Women are the vital and most productive workers in preserve making SMEs and do the most monotonous job of pricking individual aonla fruit for preserve making. Till date, the pricking of aonla fruits in these enterprises is done manually employing poorly designed hand tools thus, making the pricking task very tiresome and time consuming for workers resulting into lowered productivity. Therefore, a hand operated aonla pricking machine developed by AICRP on PHT, CCSHAU, Hisar was ergonomically tested with women workers. A study was conducted on ergonomic evaluation of conventional and improved methods of aonla pricking which was carried out in 3 phases i.e. field survey to study working conditions and work profile of workers in selected four preserve making units, experimental work to conduct ergonomic evaluation of conventional (fork and hand tool) and improved (pricking machine) methods of aonla pricking, user’s acceptability of machine, organoleptic evaluation of preserve prepared. Thereafter, a sit-stand workstation was developed using RSM and improvements were suggested for preserve making SMEs as per WISE methodology. The results revealed that working conditions, processing tools and techniques were not satisfactory in all the units. The workers were doing pricking by using poorly designed hand tools in awkward postures and there were no defined workstations in all the units. Ergonomic evaluation of all the tools in various postures in terms of physiological, biomechanical and psychophysical parameters with 15 women workers selected from four enterprises revealed that physiological parameters while working with all the tools were within the acceptable limits for women workers. The HR showed maximum increase while pricking with machine in squatting posture (90 beats.min-1). However, biomechanical and psychophysical parameters were higher while working with conventional tools as compared to the machine. The grip fatigue was found to be maximum with fork in squatting posture (26 %). The reason for this was attributed to use of poorly designed conventional tools and lack of proper workstation. Machine was found highly acceptable by the users due to more safety, comfort and higher economic benefits while working. The preserve prepared with machine pricked aonla obtained highest sensory score (8.5), highest ascorbic acid content (150 mg/100 gm of fresh fruit) and least water activity (0.53). A fully adjustable ergonomically designed workstation was developed and used for the experiment. RSM was used to find out the best combination of posture (200 mm-600 mm-1000 mm), duration of the pricking activity (1hr-2 hr- 3 hr) and light (100 lux-300 lux -500 lux) while working with conventional tools and machine that has yielded most favorable results. The most desirable combinations obtained were 500 mm height +500 lux light + 2 hr time with conventional tools in sitting posture and 200 mm height+300 lux light+1.45 hr time and 1000 mm height+300 lux light+1.30 hr time with machine in low stool posture and standing posture respectively. Improvements were also suggested for preserve making SMEs using WISE methodology concerning with material storage and handling, workstation design and work environment. This all has resulted into reducing drudgery of women workers involved in preserve making activity.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Occupational hazards among beauty parlour workers
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Pooja; Mehta, Manju
    The beauty care industry is one of the fastest growing industries of country. People are realizing the importance of good health and presentation and thus becoming more and more concerned about their health and beauty and visiting the beauty parlour. Women’s participation in the beauty activity shows the importance and contribution of women to economic productivity, there is need for occupational health and safety practices covering beauty parlor process. In the light of all these the present study was taken to investigate use of beauty parlours services by rural and urban families and appraisal of the work profile, work place, work environment and occupational hazards of beauticians. A sample of 50 customers from rural area and 50 from urban area were selected who were taking the services of beauty parlour and all the beauticians from 40 beauty parlours were selected purposively from Hisar city through snowball technique. The distance of parlour from home for preponderance of the customers was 0-2 Km. the thumping majority of customers were visiting to parlour for threading, followed by waxing. All the 100% of the beauticians had acquired training for beauty parlour service. 56% of the beauticians were not taking the rest during the work of beauty activity. Mean working year of the beauticians was 6.28 years and were spending 6-8 hours/day. All were using same types of instruments/tools and various brands of cosmetics. The extent of problems faced by the beauticians were long working hours (mean score 2.68), unnatural body posture (mean score 2.65) and ventilation not in sufficient amounts (mean score 2.53). Various furniture pieces were used to carry out the treatment and also during resting and waiting period. Most frequently occurred hazards was numbness followed by skin burn, skin itching, injury and swelling. Light, SPM was less than recommended value whereas, temperature, noise and carbon dioxide was more than recommended level in the most of the parlours. Most frequently occurred hazards was numbness (mean score 2.43) followed by skin burn, skin itching, injury and swelling. As per OWAS as well as RULA posture used in facial, hair treatment, hair cutting, make up, body massage and pedicure-manicure was not suitable and it needs to be changed instantly. The intensity of musculoskeletal discomfort as per human body map was highest in wrist/hand & neck (mean score 3.98) and facial activity got the highest VAD score of 9.77. The facial activity got highest posture load (posture load factor of 62), time load (time load factor of 97) and repetitive strain (repetitive strain load of 9). Hair treatment had highest physical load (physical load factor of 7.58). Body massage got highest pain load (pain load of 14.63). As per pain load maximum discomfort was in wrist, neck and lower back, trailed by shoulders, ankle/feet and fingers. Overall maximum occupational hazards of the beauticians were in facial with total score of 278.74, followed by hair treatment, body massage and waxing. The medium hazardous activities were pedicure-manicure, make-up and hair cutting. Bleaching and threading were least hazardous activity.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Interior environment assessment of green buildings
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Kanika; Kiran Singh
    A green building is one which uses less water, optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural resources generate less waste and provides healthier spaces for occupants. As compared to conventional buildings. The study entitled, “Interior Environment Assessment of Green Buildings” was conducted by covering the two districts i.e. Gurgaon and Panchkula for checking the satisfaction level of the occupants of green buildings. It was found that Considering all the IEQ data of green and conventional buildings, green buildings were far better than that of conventional buildings in all the IEQ aspects except the humidity level was found out be higher in green building 1 than the conventional buildings 1 (1.91%) and the noise level in conventional building was less than that of green building 1 during winter afternoon (11.66 dB), evening (1.34 dB) and afternoon of summer as well (5.6 dB). When researcher checked the satisfaction level of the occupants of green buildings the data were found to be highly satisfied and also the results for controlling those aspects were seen to be satisfied too. Researcher had to promote the green and sustainable habitat concept in rural and urban areas. The data regarding the pre and post knowledge of the urban and rural areas respondents were found to be significant after the intervention program.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Economic contribution and impact of small scale enterprise on women’s empowerment
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Chhabra, Shivika; Sehgal, Binoo
    Female entrepreneurship and the formation of women business networks is steadily rising but there are a number of challenges and obstacles that female entrepreneurs face. Women from low income countries often seek an additional means of income to support themselves and their families. The objectives of the study were to explore the nature of work and work pattern of urban women running small scale enterprises in Hisar city, to study women’s economic contribution to family expenditure and impact on their empowerment and to find out the benefits and problems faced by women entrepreneurs and to suggest suitable measures. A sample of 100 urban women respondents earning more than Rs. 10,000 per month were selected randomly from Hisar city by snow ball technique. It was found that 48 percent women respondents were having beauty parlours, 32 percent were running boutiques and 20 percent were having shops as the enterprise. 72 percent of the respondents had family saving as the source of finance for starting the enterprise. Majority of the respondents were working for about 8 hours which were equivalent to 310 man-days. Empowerment of respondents was studied with the help of six different indicators. In majority of respondents, the six indicators were found to be at low level before starting the enterprise and it increased to medium and high level after starting the enterprise. So, it was concluded that women entrepreneurs are more empowered now than they were before starting the enterprise. The results revealed that 100 percent of all the respondents felt the benefits like better level of living, families spending more on different day to day items due to increase in family income and families not have to think twice for purchasing small things as earlier. The presence of personal traits of respondents after starting the enterprise was more with respect to self confidence, independence, problem solving, managerial ability, communicability and development of technical skills. They were facing some problems due to enterprise like problem of too much fatigue due to over work/burden, lack of time for children, husband, in-laws and other family members, family conflicts due to over work/hectic schedule, cervical, wrist or backache problem, lack of time for social obligations/activities, lack of time for self care or self health and lack of time for sufficient proper sleep/rest. Suitable measures were suggested so as to solve the problems to some extent.