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M. Sc. Dissertations
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of washing on the residues of fenvalerate contaminated fabric(CCSHAU, 2007) Goswami, Shubha; Punia, ParveenPesticide may pose direct risk to applicator and indirect risk to applications family. Ordinary laundry does not remove the pesticide from clothes. Here an effort has been made to study the effect of washing on contaminated clothes. To achieve the main objectives of the study, a study was conducted in five villages for analyzing washing practices of 50 rural women. Fabric and detergent type, for the study and washing parameters like steeping time, temperature of water and rinsing were decided on the basis of information collected. Different samples were sprayed with two amounts of fenvalerate and washed after 24 hours. Their residues levels were check and compared with the control sample. The residues level were higher in samples washed with simple detergent and samples having single rinsing as compared to samples washed with enzyme containing detergent samples having triple rinsing. The findings of the study highlighted that clothes of terrycot fabric should be used during spray. Enzyme containing detergent should be used for working. Contaminated clothes. These should be steeped atleast for 30 minutes before washing required to rinse at least 3 times with plain water.ThesisItem Open Access Diversified use of durrie material(CCSHAU, 2008) Saini, Pushpa; Punia, ParveenThe present study was conducted to find out the preferences of the experts regarding diversified products of durrie material and to prepare diversified products of durrie material and assess their acceptability. The information required to make diversified products of durrie material procured from Panipat was gathered from experts and also the consumers using interview schedule. The information included preferences of experts for the selection of articles, designs, embellishment techniques, embroidery stitches and embroidery materials and which was utilized to prepare five diversified products in three different techniques. Therefore, a total of fifteen products were made. The acceptability of these products was got assessed on different parameters i.e. for shape utility, embellishment techniques, and overall appearance. The belt, cushion cover, multi purpose mat, wall pocket and shopping bag were the most preferred articles suggested by the experts for preparation as diversified products of durrie material. II The top ranked design i.e. Chaar kali ka phool (Flower with four buds) for belt, Gulaab ki kali (Rose bud) for shopping bag, Chiriya ka joda (pair of sparrow) for cushion cover, Paanch kali ka phool (Flower with five buds) for multi purpose mat and Mor (Peacock) for wall pocket were made using three preferred embellishment techniques i.e. painting, machine embroidery and hand embroidery. The satin stitch, long and short stitch were used to hand embroidery the articles. For all the diversified product i.e. belt, cushion cover, multi purpose mat and bag the preferred embellishment material was sequines. Bead were at second rank for cushion cover, bag and wall pocket, therefore, used to emphasize the eye of the peacock word design in cushion cover and to enhance the beauty of bag and wall pocket. The stones were ranked for use on wall pocket hence used to beautify the mor design. The cost of prepared diversified products with different techniques was compared, it was found that diversified product prepared with painting techniques was lowest followed by machine embroidery and hand embroidery. The shape of all the products except belt was highly acceptable whereas utility of the belt was highly acceptable by majority of them. Painted belt, cushion cover, wall pocket, shopping bag and machine embroidered belt and multipurpose mat were highly acceptable. Overall appearance of all painted products except belt was highly acceptable. Consumers perceived that preparation of all the products with painting took minimum time as compared to other techniques. They had high opinion about preparation of embellished designs on the products as according to them ‘it helps in breaking monotony of woven products’. Thus it is concluded that all the three-embellishment techniques i.e. printing machine embroidery and hand embroidery are accepted by the consumer and are helpful in producing the products as per consumer demand in comparatively less time.ThesisItem Open Access Embellishment of kameez designs for stout female(CCSHAU, 2009) Dhindsa, Poonam; Punia, ParveenThe study was conducted to create, construct and embellish the developed kameez design for stout women and their assessment for slenderizing effect. The study was conducted in Hisar city of Haryana State in two phases i.e. phase-I, in which market survey was done to find out the suitable texture and colour of the fabric for stout women and prevalent embellishment trend. In phase-II, five top ranked developed kameez designs were constructed, embellished and assessed by the experts for suitability, becomingness, embellishment and slenderizing effect. Medium weight, slightly limp, lizzy-bizzy fabric in darkest shade of dull purple colour was found most suitable fabric for stout women. Deep and narrow pointed ‘V’ neckline with full length tucks, princess line and quarter length well fitted sleeves were found to be highly suitable constructed features of kameez in creating the slenderizing effect. Machine embroidery ornamented with sequins and beads separately was mostly found around the neckline along the border of the sleeve and princess line. Thus, all the five designs created and constructed with specific constructional features and prevalent embellishment techniques were in accordance with the needs of stout women as these were helpful in creating the illusion of slim figure and also as per latest fashion trend. The specific embellishment techniques in monochromatic and double split complementary colour schemes were helpful in emphasizing the constructional features of kameez and creating harmony and rhythm in design.ThesisItem Open Access Protective clothing for textile industrial workers(CCSHAU, 2010) Jyoti; Pruthi, NeelamTextile industry is known as backbone of Indian economy also provide several threats to its workers, while performing various activities. All the health problems can be solved by variety of method and use of appropriate protective clothing is one of effective method to prevent the workers from being exposed to health problem. To achieve the objectives of he study, it was inducted in two phases. In phase 1 to develop protective clothing for workers of textile industry and to assess their suitability and acceptability Delhi cloth Mill of Hisar and Bhiwani textile mill of Bhiwani were selected. Hundred respondents from different section of textile industry were selected to gather information regarding health and clothing related problems. In second phase protective clothing were designed. The sketched designs were evaluated by Judges and two designs of each article were selected for construction. Protective clothing/accessories selected were: Beak shape mask, cap mask, hood masks, scarf mask, shirt (Male) coverall for male, coverall for female, waist level apron, foot cover and foot cover with pajama. The selected articles were stitched and each article was given to five respondents for three trials. After three trial, suitability and acceptability was assessed. The result highlighted that scarf mask, hood mask for female and cap mask, hood mask for male was found suitable as these gave protection against fiber dust stick on head, neck and inhalation of fiber dust particles. But acceptability of scarf mask for female and cap mask for male was highly acceptable as compared to hood mask because of excessive heat in the industry and with the use of hood mask identification of the workers is difficult. Coverall with Chinese collar, pockets and elastic at wrist level in sleeves was found to be highly suitable and acceptable as compared to waist level apron, while male shirt with Chinese collar, elasticized cuff, pockets in front were found highly suitable and better than coverall. In case of pajama with foot cover and knee length foot cover, knee length foot cover was fond to be highly suitable and acceptable as compared to pajama with foot cover.ThesisItem Open Access Improvement of colour fastness of tie-dyed cotton(CCSHAU, 2010) Nagpal, Aditi; Rose, Neelam M.The present study was conducted for the improvement of colour fastness of tie-dyed cotton. Three direct dyes i.e red, yellow and blue (primary colours) commonly available in the local market were selected for dyeing cotton i.e light, medium and heavy weight fabric. Standardization of dyeing variable viz. dye concentration, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, dyeing pH and different auxiliaries concentrations were optimized on the basis of percent dye absorption and visual appearance. For improvement of colour fastness properties of cotton fabric dyed with direct dyes, locally available five treatment agents were selected for each dye. Treatment agents and their concentration along with treatment stage were optimized on the basis of their fastness grades. Tie-dyed samples treated with each treatment agent were also evaluated for their colour fastness properties regarding washing and sunlight. It is summarized that 6, 7, and 8 percent was the optimum dye concentration for light, medium and heavy weight fabric, respectively. The optimum dyeing temperature was 1000C, optimum dyeing time was 60 minutes and optimum dyeing pH was 8 for all the three selected dyes viz. red, yellow and blue. 2 percent concentration of sodium carbonate and 20 percent concentration of sodium chloride were used for all the three selected dyes as it gave maximum dye absorption. Acid, alum, dye fixer, mustard oil and vinegar were used as treatment agents for all the three selected dyes. In most of the cases, post-treatment gave best results. Fastness properties increased after using treatment agents in all the cases.ThesisItem Open Access Enzymatic scouring of cotton yarn(CCSHAU, 2010) Verma, Richa; Khambra, KrishnaThe present study was conducted to study the enzymatic scouring of cotton yarn. Scouring was done with palkoscour APCL bioscouring enzyme. To achieve better result for enzymatic scouring standard conditions was determined i.e. 0.5% dosage at 550C temperature with 7 pH for 40 minutes. After scouring physical properties of unscoured and scoured yarn regarding linear density, lea strength, count strength product, yarn tensile strength, yarn elongation, yarn evenness, twist per inch, crimp rigidity and yarn hairiness were also studied. Next step was done to treated unscoured and scoured cotton yarn with four dyes viz. direct dye, reactive dye, basic dye and azoic dye. After the process of dyeing again physical properties of unscoured dyed and scoured dyed yarn were measured. Effect of dye color strength on unscoured and scoured yarn was studied through CIE LAB values. It is thus summarized that with the help of determined conditions enzymatic scouring was done. After enzymatic scouring physical property of grey yarn changed as compared to scoured yarn. Linear density of treated yarn and yarn tensile strength decreased after scouring. Yarn evenness and yarn hairiness was improved. after process of dyeing hairiness and evenness of dyed yarn improved but strength decreased more. CIE LAB values indicated that direct and reactive dye scoured yarn was darker, redder and brighter. Basic dye scoured yarn was darker duller than unscoured yarn azoic dye scoured yarn was lighter, redder, yellowier and brighter. Color strength of azoic dye was higher than direct reactive and basic dye.ThesisItem Open Access Development of educational package on protective clothing(CCSHAU, 2011) Toor, Poonam Preet; Punia, ParveenTextile industry plays a pivotal position in the economy of our country but its role in pollution and threats to its workers, can’t be denied. These work place hazards can be reduced with the use of protective clothing. Educational package may educate the workers and make them aware about health problems, diseases and use of clothing designed for protection against these during working. To achieve the objectives of the study i.e. to prepare an educational package on protective clothing for textile industrial workers and to assess the effectiveness of prepared educational package three mills i.e. namely Delhi Cloth Mill of Hisar, Radhika Mill of Hansi and Gargi Mill of Panipat were selected. The educational package was prepared in Hindi to facilitate learning by the target group. These were evaluated by the experts. Individual pamphlets were prepared for male workers, female workers and male dyers in which occupational health problems and their solutions were described with illustrations. Video film was prepared in various steps like script writing, filming, editing and commentary. Ninety respondents from different sections of the textile industries were educated and knowledge acquisition was measured through pamphlets and video film. Evaluation of the pamphlets and video film on protective clothing for male and female workers was done by the experts. Out of parameters for the evaluation of the content of the pamphlets and video film on protective clothing for both male and female workers of all the sections of textile industry the clarity in the title of the content, usefulness in the body text parameters and in the illustration layout of illustration parameters were found to be highly appropriate and appropriate. The textile industrial workers gained knowledge after exposure to pamphlets and video film. The higher impact was observed through video as compared to pamphlets. Thus it was concluded that the prepared educational packages were effective in imparting knowledge to the target group.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of flame retardant finish on cotton(CCSHAU, 2010) Rana, Mamta; Khambra, KrishnaFire is an important natural element. Fire has equally destructive power also and can be responsible for the loss of property and human life. The safety of human beings has become an issue of concern with rapid industrialization. Therefore, a growing segment of the industrial textile, industry has been involved in a number of new developments in fibers, fabrics and protective clothing. Even after many decades of research and studies, the production of flame retardants textiles is still a challenging subject. To achieve the objectives of the study, white cotton fabric, flame retardant chemical named Zirconium dioxide and two binders named SLN and PVA were selected on review basis. Recipe was made on the weight of the fabric for making suspension of FR finish. To apply flame retardant finish, pad-dry-cure method on padding mangle was used with 1 dip 1 nip, 2 dip 1 nip and 3 dip 1 nip systems. Launderings were done 5, 10 and 15 times of controlled as well as of finished fabrics. Burning test, flammability tests and physical properties were assessed of controlled, treated and washed fabrics. Results interpret that 15 per cent FR finish and 5 per cent PVA binder was found to be the better concentration and binder after treatments/dips as well as after 15 wash cycles as compared to another concentration, binder and treatments/dips but combination of both binders (2.5% each) gave best results with 15 per cent concentration of finish as compared to the other concentration of finish.ThesisItem Open Access Creation of College Bags for Girls(CCSHAU, 2011) S.Jeet Singh, SarojThe study was conducted for creation of college bags for girls. To attain the first two specific objectives 30 respondents were selected purposively and 20 rural adolescent girls from Azad Nagar Hisar were taken randomly. To collect the data preferential choice index and a self structured knowledge inventory was prepared. Results highlighted that the preferred top eight designs for college bags were 6, 7, 9, 10, 18, 22, 23 and 25. In order to know the preference of respondents regarding bag and embellishment characteristics Preferential choice index was developed and denim fabric, blue color, medium intensity, eight embellishment techniques, traditional motif and monochromatic color scheme, complementary and triad color scheme were preferred most by the respondents for college bags. Eight top preferred embellishment techniques were block printing, stencil printing, fabric painting, tie and dye, thread embroidery, beads and sequins, mirror work and appliqué work.. 3 designs for each embellishment technique were created. The most preferred design of block printing was design number 2, design no.3 of stencil printing design number 1 of fabric painting, design no. 3 of tie and dye, design number 2 of thread embroidery , the most preferred design of beads and sequins was design number 3 . mirror work design no.3 and design number 1 of applique work . These were used for embellishment of bags. Selected designs with their placements which were preferred most by the respondents were placement I was preferred for stencil printing and thread embroidery, placement III for mirror work and fabric painting, placement IV for beads and sequins, placement V for appliqué work, block printing and tie and dye. Thus, eight bags were developed and assessed in terms of embellishment techniques, overall appearance and cost. Thread embroidery was most preferred embellishment technique and the overall appearance of appliqué worked bag was considered to be the best. The respondents have very highly opinion about the developed bags in relation to shape, size, motifs, embellishment techniques and market ability etc. Cost of developed bags it was felt to be appropriate by most of the respondents. Results highlighted that majority of respondents were metric and unmarried belonging to joint family. Training in the bag making and embellishment technique was found to be very effective as there was significant gain in knowledge on various aspects of bag making and embellishment techniques.