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Subject: Biotechnology and Molecular Biology × Author: Deepak × End date: 2009 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic divergence analysis in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) using ISSR markers
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Deepak; Dhillon, Santosh
    Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a dioecious, monocotyledonous woody perennial belonging to the family Palmae (Arecaceae) and grown in the arid regions of the world for its nutritious fruit. It has the distinction of being one of the oldest fruit tree of the world. This study was thus undertaken to assess polymorphism among ten male and thirty female genotypes of eight varieties of date palm viz. Zaglool, Egypt No. 2, Hillawi, Zaidi, Sayer, Khadrawy, Shamran and Medjool using 40 ISSR primers. A total of 160 amplified products were observed of which 8 were monomorphic and 152 were polymorphic. Average polymorphism across the 30 genotypes was 89.46±6.8 %. The number of amplified DNA bands varied from 2 to 13 with an average of 7.27±0.77 bands per primer. One ISSR primer (BH-08) amplified a unique allele of 630 bp which was present in all male plants but was absent in all female plants included in the study, suggesting it to be a useful marker for early detection of sex in date palm. Primer BH-02 amplified an allele of 700 bp size which was unique to Medzool genotypes and could distinguish them from all other varieties. Analysis of polymorphism data using NTSYS-PC software, grouped the 40 genotypes into 2 major clusters. Almost all the genotypes of a particular variety were present together in their corresponding groups. However, one female genotype Z2 was outgrouped from all the other genotypes showing it to be the most diverse. One male genotype (M8) showed 85% similarity to SH2 indicating it to be a male of Shamran or a close relative of it. Genetic similarity based on ‘Simqual’ sub programme among various genotypes ranged from 0.41 to 0.89% indicating moderate genetic variability among genotypes. The average similarity between males and the thirty females was found to be 0.69. Thus ISSR markers detected a high level of polymorphism and the fingerprint data generated in this study can be used for further cloning and sequencing of sex-linked markers in date palm.