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M. Sc. Dissertations

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2009 - 200912010 - 20122
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Subject: Agricultural Meteorology × End date: 2012 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Agrometeorological responses of brassica species under different growing environments
    (CCSHAU, 2009) Mehnaj Tharranum, A.; Ram Singh
    The study entitled ‘Agrometeorological responses of Brassica species under different growing environments’ was conducted at the research area of the Department of Agricultural meteorology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, during the rabi season of 2008-09. The main plot treatments consisted of three dates of sowing (15th October, 27th October and 10th November) and the sub-plots consisted of 10 varieties (Laxmi, RH30, Varuna, RH819, Kranti, GSL-1, HNS- 0501, 0004, 0403 and 0401). The thirty treatment combinations were tested in split plot design with three replications. The 15th October sown crop had highest thermal and radiation indices and TUE and RUE were also highest in this treatment as compared to 27th October and 10th November sown crops. The transmitted photosynthetically active radiation (TPAR) was recorded lowest in D1 as compared to D2 and D3 treatments. All growth parameters, yield and yield attributes were found highest in 15th October sown crop. The oil contents of D1 and D2 treatments were found highest and decreased with delay in sowing. The delay in sowing from 15th October to 27th October shortened the life cycle of the crop by 11 days and delay in sowing upto 10th November reduced the life span of the crop by 16 days. Among the varieties, Kranti and HNS-0403 took more number of days for completion of phenophases, in B. juncea and B. napus, respectively. Among the varieties of B. juncea, Kranti consumed highest HU and PTU, whereas RH30 consumed highest HTU. RH30 was found to utilize heat units and IPAR, efficiently. LAI, dry biomass and yield were also recorded highest in RH30. Among the genotypes of B. napus, HNS-0403 consumed highest HU, HTU and PTU. The efficiencies of heat and radiation utilization were highest in HNS-0004. LAI, dry biomass, IPAR and yield were recorded highest in HNS-0004, whereas, oil content was highest in HNS-0401. The correlation and regression analysis were carried out to study the relationship between agrometeorological and crop parameters. The weather parameters such as air temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hours and wind speed during 50 per cent flowering stage of the crop were better correlated with crop parameters, as compared to weather parameters during other stages. Morning relative humidity showed maximum negative correlation, whereas sunshine hours and air temperature showed maximum positive correlation with seed yield. All the thermal indices were positively correlated with crop parameters. Significant weather parameters such as maximum temperature and morning relative humidity explained the variability in yield up to 85 per cent. The agrometeorological indices (HU, HTU, PTU and IPAR) explained 83 per cent variability in seed yield of B. juncea. Replacing IPAR and including TUE and RUE in the above model, explained up to 62 per cent variability in seed yield of B. napus.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact analysis of seasonal climatic variability on rice productivity in eastern agroclimatic zone of Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2010) Bemal, Suchandan; Diwan Singh
    The present study “Impact analysis of seasonal climatic variability on rice productivity in eastern agroclimatic zone of Haryana” was undertaken to work out the climatic variability and trends at locations namely Ambala and Karnal and to have an idea of the probable impact of future trend scenarios for productivity of rice in eastern agroclimatic zone (main rice growing region of Haryana) using CERES-Rice model. Historical data (1977-2008) on weather and rice productivity for above two locations were collected. Analysis showed that maximum and minimum temperature variability has considerably increased during the period from 1997-2008 and that more so during winter season at both locations. The study revealed increase in rainfall during the south west monsoon season and increased variability in post monsoon rainfall at the both locations. Highest seasonal and monthly variability of solar radiation was observed in winter season and month of January, respectively at Ambala. The trend study for annual maximum temperature indicated an increase at Ambala while a decrease at Karnal. However as of recent past (1997-2008) the trend has reversed and indicated an increase of maximum temperature at both the places. The seasonal trends of maximum temperature at Ambala showed an increase during summer, south-west and post-monsoon seasons but decrease during winter. On the other hand at Karnal, a decreasing trend was observed during kharif and winter. Annual and seasonal (except summer) minimum temperature trend revealed a decrease at Ambala. The annual rainfall at Ambala showed an increasing trend but reverse trend was noted at Karnal. Annual Solar radiation trend was decreasing at the rate of 0.04 and 0.07 MJ/m2 at Ambala and Karnal, respectively. At Ambala, the maximum temperature and rainfall trend was increasing but at Karnal both the parameters showed decreasing trend during kharif seasons of 1977-2008. The kharif season rainfall variability was of greater proportion at Karnal than at Ambala. CERES-Rice model simulations with increase in maximum temperature of upto 1ºC above normal resulted in positive effect on rice productivity, However, the increase in minimum temperature event by 0.5ºC above normal caused loss in productivity at both the places. Further, the model projected a decrease of 19.0 and 16.9% in rice grain yield with increase of both maximum and minimum temperatures by 2.5°C above normal at Ambala and Karnal, respectively. The increase of either maximum or minimum temperature (upto 1°C) in conjunction with increment of carbon-dioxide concentration in atmosphere (upto 100 ppm) resulted in increase of rice productivity at both the locations. The rice grain yield simulations by CERES-Rice model with different temperature increments (either of maximum/minimum or combinations of two) accompanied by different CO2 concentrations suggested that the negative effect of incremental temperatures on rice productivity got marginalized with progressive increments of CO2 concentrations. The rainfall and solar radiation had positive relationship with rice productivity at both locations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Leaf curl virus disease in cotton in relation to microclimate under two growing environments
    (CCSHAU, 2012) Ved Prakash; Ram Niwas
    The present investigatio n was undertake n for evaluation Leaf cur l virus disease in cotton in relatio n to mic roclimate unde r two growing e nviro nme nts . The mate r ials for the present investigation compr ised of 3 cotton cultivars, including two dates of sowing Viz. 30 th Apr il and 30 th May . The exper imental materials was grown at the Research Farm of the Depar tment of Genetics and Plant Breeding during Kharif 2011 in a factor ial randomized block design with four replications. The estimates of crop sown on 30 th April unde r protected (sprayed) conditio ns were the most ideal for control of leaf cur l virus disease. It exhibited stable per formance of the cultivar RASI 134 for dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, number of branches and bolls plant - 1 , boll weight and seed cotton y ield also. Correlation study revealed that leaf curl virus disease was signif icantly and positivel y cor related with suns hine hours, vapour pressure def icit at evening and negativel y signif icant with minimum temperature, relative humidity at evening, wind speed and vapour pressure def icit at morning in both growing e nvironments. The regression analysis suggested that maximum var iability in leaf cur l virus disease can be explained upto 81 percent by vapour pressure def icit at morning for RASI 134 and accuracy could be improved with addition of wind speed. The inte nsity of leaf cur l disease was found in HS 6 as compared to MRC 6304 and RASI 134, due to succulent broad leaves and none of the genoty pes was resistant to leaf cur l virus disease.