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ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF IBA CONCENTRATIONS AND GROWING MEDIA ON GROWTH AND ROOTING PERFORMANCE OF APPLE ROOTSTOCK BUD 9(UHF,NAUNI, 2012-12) AMANDEEP; SHARMA, C LABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of IBA concentrations and growing media on growth and rooting performance of apple rootstock Bud 9” was undertaken at Pandah Experimental Farm of Department of Seed Science & Technology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan H.P. during 2021-2022. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Complete Block Design (Factorial) with twelve treatment combinations replicated thrice, comprising of three IBA levels (0, 2000 and 2500 ppm) and four growing media (soil, sawdust, crop residue and FYM). Among different levels of IBA, the treatment IBA @ 2500 ppm recorded length of daughter shoot (137.26 cm), diameter of daughter shoot (10.41 mm), number of leaves (76.40), leaf area (44.99 cm2), leaf chlorophyll content (2.01 mg g-1), fresh weight of daughter shoot (118.65 g), dry weight of daughter shoot (61.66 g), per cent rooted shoots (73.98 %), average number of roots (10.85), longest root (27.95 cm), shortest root (6.85 cm), average root length (26.38 cm), root diameter (1.66 mm), fresh weight of roots (69.04 g), dry weight of roots (38.95 g), root: shoot ratio (0.61) and total biomass of rooted shoot (100.61 g). Among growing media, sawdust resulted in maximum length of daughter shoot (118.12 cm), diameter of daughter shoot (10.39 mm), number of leaves (74.10), leaf area (39.59 cm2), fresh weight of daughter shoot (117.16 g), dry weight of daughter shoots (62.41 g), per cent rooted shoots (67.73 %), average number of roots (10.14), longest root (27.51 cm), shortest root (6.55 cm), average root length (27.31 cm), root diameter (1.86 mm), fresh weight (66.41 g) and dry weight of roots (35.94 g), total biomass of rooted shoot (98.35 g). The interaction of IBA @ 2500 ppm + sawdust had exhibited maximum length of daughter shoot (143.73 cm), diameter of daughter shoot (12.12 mm), number of leaves (79.16), leaf area (48.18 cm2), fresh (143.50 g) and dry weight of shoots (74.50 g), per cent rooted shoots (76.23 %), average number of roots (13.16), longest root (32.11 cm), shortest root (9.11), average root length (32.16 cm), root diameter (2.34 mm), fresh weight of roots (86.16 g), dry weight of roots (50.50 g) and total biomass of rooted shoot (125.00 gThesisItem Open Access EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF ANGULAR LEAF SPOT OF FRENCH BEAN CAUSED BY PHAEOISARIOPSIS GRISEOLA (SACC.) EFRRARIS(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2012) ADIKSHITA; KANSHAL, SANDEEPThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF TREE SPACING AND INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY OF PULSE CROPS IN POPULAR (POPULUS DELTOIDES BARTR.) BASED AGRISILVICULTURE SYSTEM(COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 2012) MOHAMMED, MUKTAR; KASHYAP, S. DThesisItem Open Access PURIFICATION OF CELLULASE AND HEMICELLULASE PRODUCED FROM POTENTIAL MICROBAIL ISOLATES(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2012) DOLMA, SONAM; SHARMA, NIVEDIAThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WOODFORDIA FRUTICOSA IN HIMACHAL PRADESH USING ISOZYME MARKERS(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, 2012) RATHORE, RACHITA; SHIRKOT, POONAMThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH Podophyllum hexandrum(2012) SHARMA, PARUL; SHIRKOT, C.K.ABSTRACT Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to influence plant growth by various direct or indirect mechanisms. Worldwide, there is a profound need to explore varied ecological niches for the presence of native microorganisms. Very limited information is available in respect of PGPR associated with medicinal plants such as Podophyllum hexandrum. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the plant growth promoting potential of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from Podophyllum hexandrum. Forty one bacterial isolates were selected (by replica plating technique) as the representative of the total plated population from the rhizosphere soil and rhizome/roots of the Podophyllum hexandrum from four sites of location Churdhar. All the bacterial isolates were able to grow simultaneously on nutrient agar, Pikovskaya’s, nitrogen free media and CAS media and selected for further screening for various plant growth promoting activities. Plant growth promotion assay was performed with tomato seedlings. Seed bacterization with bacterial strains increased the germination percent of tomato seed in filter paper assay as well as in growth chamber. The effect of seed treatment with bacterial isolates on per cent increase in root length (90%), shoot length (86.66%), shoot dry weight (334.46%) and plant biomass (240.32%) was found maximum with 2a1 inoculation and also with some other bacterial strains as compared to untreated control. From these results we conclude that the native strains with PGPR activity, can play an essential role in helping plants to establish and grow. Moreover, native strains described in this study could be employed to minimize the utilization of synthetic fungicides contributing to preservation of environment. Also screened isolates can be employed for growth promotion of Podophyllum hexandrum and other medicinal plants which face a major threat of extinction.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF COVERING MATERIAL(S) ON OFF-SEASON CUT FLOWER PRODUCTION OF CHRYSANTHEMUM (Dendranthema grandiflora TZVELEV).(2012) SANGMA, PALMSEY; THAKUR, PRIYANKAABSTRACT “Studies on the effect of covering material on off-season cut flower production of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) were carried out at the experimental farm of the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, during 2011 in naturally ventilated poly house (32mX6m). The experiment was carried out using three types of covering materials (viz. tarpaulin, HDPE* and black sateen cloth) and four cultivars each of standard ( ‘Purnima’, ‘Yellow Star’, ‘Tata Century’ and ‘White Star’) and spray (‘Ajay’, ‘Birbal’, ‘Nanako’ and ‘White Bouquet’) varieties. Findings reveal that HDPE* was the best alternative covering material to tarpaulin as optimum plant height (83.33 cm), plant spread (40.54 cm), maximum number of cut stems (4.21), duration of flowering (33.54 days) and earliest flower bud formation (91.07 days) and flowering (140.36 days) were obtained in plants under HDPE*. Flowering was earlier under controlled photoperiod than natural photoperiod. Peak flowering was earliest (140.36 days) in plants under HDPE* cover as compared to plants under natural photoperiodic conditions which took maximum number of days (176.19), to come to peak flowering. The varieties were assigned to different response group under controlled photoperiodic conditions with HDPE*. All the varieties tested were found suitable for off- season flower production. *HDPE-High Density PolyethyleneThesisItem Open Access Molecular analysis of genetic stability in tissue culture raised plants of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)(2012) PANKAJ, KUMAR; SRIVASTAVA, D.K.ABSTRACT The present investigation was undertaken with an objective of enhancing the frequency of plant regeneration in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) and assessing their genetic fidelity. A high efficiency plant regeneration protocol has been developed from hypocotyl, cotyledon, leaf and petiole explants in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). The green house grown seedlings from 18-20 days old leaf and petiole explants were excised. The explants were surface sterilized and cultured on shoot induction medium. A high efficiency of shoot regeneration was observed in leaf (62.96%) and petiole (91.11%) explants on MS medium supplemented with 4.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA and 4.5 mg/l BAP + 0.019 mg/l NAA, respectively. The hypocotyl and cotyledon explants were excised from the in vitro grown seedlings and cultured on shoot regeneration on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 μM TDZ + 0.5 μM IAA and 2.0 μM TDZ + 0.59 mM adenine, respectively. The hypocotyl explants showed high frequency of shoot regeneration (96.09%) as compare to cotyledon explants (88.88%). MS medium supplemented with 0.20 mg/l NAA was found to be best for root regeneration (93.99%) from in vitro developed shoots. The regenerated plantlets were acclimatized successfully on cocopeat. A protocol for high frequency plant regeneration has been standardized. Genetic fidelity of the regenerated plantlets were studied using RAPD. Genomic DNA was isolated from the leaves of randomly selected 20 in vitro raised plantlets and from mother plant of broccoli using CTAB method with some modifications. The quantified DNA was then subjected to PCR and a total of 21 primers were used for genetic fidelity studies. Among the 21 primers initially screened, 15 produced clear and scorable amplification products. A total of 66 fragments were amplified by 15 random primers out of which 56 were found to be monomorphic and a high degree of monomorphism (88.45%) was observed among in vitro raised plantlets and from mother plant of broccoli. On an average, 2.96 amplified fragments were observed per primer. Thus the technique of RAPD-PCR was found to be reliable to assess the genetic fidelity of tissue culture raised plantlets and from mother plant of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica).ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF HIGH DENSITY PLANTATION OF Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith FOR WOOD CHARACTERISTICS(2012) RATHER, SHABIR AHMAD; SHARMA, K.R.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of High Density Plantation of Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith for Wood Characteristics” was carried out on the high density plantatation of Eucalyptus tereticornis rasied at Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) India in the year 1986. Twelve trees, aged about 25 years were selected and felled in the year 2011. Five centimeter wide wood discs were removed from the main stem at 0 (H1), 30 (H2), 60 per cent (H3) and 10 cm at 90 per cent (H4) of total tree height. These were analysed for variation of diameter over bark (d.o.b.), diameter under bark (d.u.b.), wood per cent, bark per cent, wood bark ratio, moisture content of wood with bark, specific gravity, fibre length, cold water soluble extractives, hot water extractives, alcohol-benzene soluble extractives, Klason lignin and holocellulose contents. Spacing S3 (120 × 120 cm) recorded the maximum height of 14.985 m and spacing S1 (60 × 60 cm) the minimum (11.474 m) showing significant difference. Green biomass of main bole, branches, twigs and leaves, total aboveground green biomass and mean exact stem volume per tree varied significantly among spacings. However, mean stem volume per tree on dbh basis and form factor showed non-significant variation among different spacings. The highest d.o.b. (16.878 cm) and d.u.b. (14.241 cm) were found for spacing S3 and lowest (10.913 cm and 8.912 cm, respectively) for S2 (90 × 90 cm). These decreased with increase in sampling heights. The maximum wood per cent of 85.332 per cent was recorded for S3 and minimum (82.526 per cent) for S1 showing significant difference. The highest wood per cent of 86.129 per cent was observed at H3 and lowest (77.081 per cent) at H1, showing an increasing trend with increase in sampling height. The opposite trend was shown by bark per cent which increased with increase in sampling height. The maximum wood bark ratio of 6.263 was recorded for S1 and minimum (5.039) for S2. Among sampling heights, highest wood bark ratio of 6.461 was recorded at 60 per cent of total tree height and lowest (3.456) at ground level. The maximum moisture content of wood with bark of 81.067 per cent was found for S1 and minimum (66.155 per cent) for S3. Sampling height H1 showed highest moisture content of 81.238 per cent and lowest (69.233 per cent) was recorded at H4, displaying a decreasing trend with increase in sampling height. Specific gravity increased with increase in spacing. Among sampling heights, the maximum specific gravity was at ground level (0.817) and minimum (0.724) for H4. Fibre length displayed decreasing trend with increase in sampling height and showed a maximum value of 0.893 mm at ground level. The maximum extractives were recorded at ground level and minimum at 90 per cent of total tree height. Klason lignin content decreased with increase in sampling height and observed a highest value of 31.151 per cent at H4. Holocellulose content observed a maximum value of 70.874 per cent at H1 and then decreased with increase in height. Effect of spacing on chemical components of wood was found to be non-significant except alcohol-benzene soluble extractives.