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Thesis

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2015 - 20162
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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2015 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IN VITRO STUDIES ON MODULATION OF CONTRACTILE AND RELAXANT RESPONSES OF SHEEP TRACHEAL SMOOTH MUSCLE BY MORIN
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-07) MURALI KRISHNA, M; BHARAVI, K(MAJOR); Ravi Kumar, P; Satheesh, K
    ABSTRACT: Morin (3,5,7,2,4 - pentahydroxyflavone), belongs to the flavonoid group of polyphenolic compounds found in wood of old fustic, in osage orange, white mulberry, fig, almond and sweet chestnut, and many other herbs and fruits used as herbal medicines. Morin has been the subject of a number of experimental studies dealing with its pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant properties, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, anti cancer activity, anti-inflammatory activity, cardiovascular protection and also a prooxidant action. Despite the enormous interest in flavonoids as potential therapeutic agents, their biological activity mechanisms are poorly understood and largely unknown, but different types of possible biochemical events are involved. In view of this, the present study is designed to know the modulatory effect of morin hydrate on contractile and relaxant responses of various pharmacological agents like acetylcholine and atropine, histamine and cetirizine, KCl and nifedipine in sheep tracheal smooth muscle in vitro. Mean EC50 values for contractile response of acetylcholine obtained in the absence of morin hydrate were 3.38×10-7M (5×10-9M to 15×10-6M) and in presence of morin hydrate it was increased to 6.02×10-7M (5×10-9M to 15×10-5M) with a significant right shift. Mean EC50 values for contractile response of histamine obtained in the absence of morin hydrate were 1.12×10-6M (5×10-9M to 30×10-5M) and in presence of morin hydrate it was increased to 2.63×10-6M (5×10-9M to 30×10-5M) with a significant right shift. Mean IC50 values for relaxant response of atropine, cetirizine and nifedipine in comparison with morin hydrate in sheep tracheal smooth muscle were 2.23×10-8M (5×10- 9M to 5×10-6M), 3.46×10-8M (5×10-9M to 15×10-6M), 6.30×10-6M (5×10-9M to 30×10- 5M) and 6.30×10-7M (5×10-9M to 15×10-6M), 1.58×10-6M (5×10-9M to 5×10-5M), 2.04×10-5M (5×10-9M to 15×10-4M) respectively. The study revealed that morin hydrate has relaxant effect on the sheep trachealis smooth muscle in vitro.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN BOVINE FORESTOMACH DISORDERS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2015-09) RAMU, VEGIREDDI; RAGHUNATH, M(Major); HARI KRISHNA, N.V.V; VENKATA NAIDU, G
    Abstract : The present study was conducted on 22 clinical cases of cattle and buffaloes affected with forestomach disorders that were referred for treatment to the Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, NTR CVSc, Gannavaram. Detailed signalment, history, clinical observations, haematological and biochemical estimation were recorded and evaluated. The radiographic features of reticulo diaphragmatic hernia, reticulophrenic adhesions and foreign bodies in the reticulodiaphragmatic area were studied. Based on the tentative diagnosis, the animals were divided into two groups as in Group I (N = 6), animals with forestomach disorders that responded to medical treatment were included and those that failed to respond and surgically treated were included in Group II. In turn, Group II was divided into Group II A (N = 6) where forestomach disorders not induced by foreign bodies were included and Group II B (N = 10) where forestomach disorders induced by foreign bodies were included. Majority of the animals were characterized by partial to complete anorexia, rumen atony to hypermotility, recurrent to persistent tympany, hard and scanty or loose dung and most of the animals with pericarditis cases were characterized by brisket edema, bilateral jugular engorgement with abnormal heart sounds. Hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia and hyponatremia were mostly evident in animals with all these disorders. Increased peritoneal fluid quantity was observed in cases of pericarditis. Ruminal fluid pH, rumen protozoan motility, radiography and exploratory laparorumenotomy have good diagnostic value in forestomach disorders. Laparorumenotomy has both diagnostic and therapeutic value in cases of rumen impaction, omasal impaction, traumatic reticulitis and diaphragmatic hernia cases. Delayed presentation, hypochloremia and loss of tonocity of reticulo-omasal orifice were poor prognostic signs in omasal impaction cases. High neutrophil count, low haemoglobin levels, severe hypochloremia and extensive ring size were poor prognostic factors in cases of DH. Potential penetrating metallic foreign bodies crossing diaphragm and pointing towards thorax, with high neutrophilia with left shift had poor prognostic value in traumatic pericarditis cases.