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Subject: Veterinary Anatomy × Author: SAMANVITHA, NEELA × Start date: 2021 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROSS, HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE URINARY SYSTEM OF MALE WISTAR RAT (Rattus norvegicus)
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2022-04) SAMANVITHA, NEELA; RAJU, N.K.B. (MAJOR); TOMAR, M.P.S.; SREENU, MAKKENA
    The present study was conducted to elucidate the morphology, histology and histochemistry of the urinary system of adult male Wistar rats. Twenty rats were used in the study. The urinary system of Wistar rat comprised of a pair of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and a urethra of which the ureters, urinary bladder and urethra constituted the lower urinary tract. The paired unilobar kidneys were smooth and bean shaped located retroperitoneally with concave medial border and convex lateral border. Each kidney was covered by thin connective tissue capsule with predominant collagen fibres in it. The right kidney weighed more than the left kidney and was placed more cranial in position. The cortex was reddish brown coloured whereas the medulla was lighter coloured and continued by papilla in the sagittal section. The functional unit of the kidney was nephron which included renal corpuscles, proximal and distal convoluted tubules along with descending and ascending limbs of loop of Henle of which the proximal and distal convoluted tubules along with collecting tubules and ascending limb were lined by simple cuboidal epithelium whereas the descending limb was lined by low cuboidal epithelium. The cytoplasm was eosinophilic in all tubules with brush border in proximal convoluted tubules except collecting tubules as it was of basophilic type. The cytoplasm of the renal tubules along with brush border were PAS positive whereas the basement membrane of glomerulus was AB positive. The glomerulus and all the components of renal tubules stained positive with bromophenol blue. The basement membrane of the glomerulus and renal tubules stained intensely with Jones methanamine silver stain. The length of the right ureter was longer than that of the left extended from hilus to the dorsal border of urinary bladder. The apical border of transitional epithelium was positive for AB and bromophenol blue whereas the smooth muscle cells were positive for PAS. The urinary bladder was pear shaped with rounded blind end and narrow neck on either side. The apical border of transitional epithelium was AB and bromophenol blue positive whereas the smooth muscle cells were PAS positive. The urethra was divided into two parts i.e., pelvic urethra and penile urethra. Pelvic urethra was fibromuscular and tubular organ extended from the urinary bladder till the pelvic girdle and continued as penile urethra in the ventral furrow of ospenis. The epithelium was of transitional type near the dorsal neck of bladder and transitioned into pseudostratified columnar type in posterior half of the pelvic urethra and continued as transitional type in the penile urethra. PAS positive diffused littre or periurethral mucous glands were observed in both dorsal and ventral view in the lamina propria. The periurethral or littre glands in the lamina propria of pelvic urethra were PAS positive with AB positive granules in it. The coagulum in the lumen was positive for bromophenol blue.