GROSS, HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE URINARY SYSTEM OF MALE WISTAR RAT (Rattus norvegicus)
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Date
2022-04
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
The present study was conducted to elucidate the morphology, histology and
histochemistry of the urinary system of adult male Wistar rats. Twenty rats were used in
the study. The urinary system of Wistar rat comprised of a pair of kidneys, ureters, urinary
bladder and a urethra of which the ureters, urinary bladder and urethra constituted the
lower urinary tract.
The paired unilobar kidneys were smooth and bean shaped located
retroperitoneally with concave medial border and convex lateral border. Each kidney was
covered by thin connective tissue capsule with predominant collagen fibres in it. The right
kidney weighed more than the left kidney and was placed more cranial in position. The
cortex was reddish brown coloured whereas the medulla was lighter coloured and
continued by papilla in the sagittal section. The functional unit of the kidney was nephron which included renal corpuscles,
proximal and distal convoluted tubules along with descending and ascending limbs of
loop of Henle of which the proximal and distal convoluted tubules along with collecting
tubules and ascending limb were lined by simple cuboidal epithelium whereas the
descending limb was lined by low cuboidal epithelium. The cytoplasm was eosinophilic
in all tubules with brush border in proximal convoluted tubules except collecting tubules
as it was of basophilic type.
The cytoplasm of the renal tubules along with brush border were PAS positive
whereas the basement membrane of glomerulus was AB positive. The glomerulus and all
the components of renal tubules stained positive with bromophenol blue. The basement
membrane of the glomerulus and renal tubules stained intensely with Jones methanamine
silver stain.
The length of the right ureter was longer than that of the left extended from hilus
to the dorsal border of urinary bladder. The apical border of transitional epithelium was
positive for AB and bromophenol blue whereas the smooth muscle cells were positive for
PAS.
The urinary bladder was pear shaped with rounded blind end and narrow neck on
either side. The apical border of transitional epithelium was AB and bromophenol blue
positive whereas the smooth muscle cells were PAS positive.
The urethra was divided into two parts i.e., pelvic urethra and penile urethra.
Pelvic urethra was fibromuscular and tubular organ extended from the urinary bladder till
the pelvic girdle and continued as penile urethra in the ventral furrow of ospenis. The
epithelium was of transitional type near the dorsal neck of bladder and transitioned into
pseudostratified columnar type in posterior half of the pelvic urethra and continued as
transitional type in the penile urethra. PAS positive diffused littre or periurethral mucous
glands were observed in both dorsal and ventral view in the lamina propria. The
periurethral or littre glands in the lamina propria of pelvic urethra were PAS positive with
AB positive granules in it. The coagulum in the lumen was positive for bromophenol
blue.
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