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2014 - 20177
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Subject: Animal Reproduction and Gynecology × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2014 ×
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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF CERVIX AND ITS INFLUENCE ON INTRACERVICAL PASSAGE OF INSEMINATION PIPETTE IN NATIVE SHEEP
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2017-06) SATYA PRASAD, B; SRINIVAS, M(Major); VENKATA NAIDU, G; VAIKUNTA RAO, V
    ABSTRACT: Morphometric evaluation of native sheep genitalia from slaughter house was carried out and biometry revealed a significant difference (P<0.01) was observed between the size of ovaries and uterus in ewe lambs and adult ewes where as no significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in these parameters between the adult ewes during follicular and luteal phases. The mean length (cm) and diameter (cm) of cervix of ewe lambs, adult ewes during follicular and luteal phases in present study were 2.94±0.13 and 0.81±0.05; 5.23±0.11 and 1.04±0.03 and 4.83±0.12 and 0.9±0.03 cm, respectively. The predominant type of external os in ewe lambs was papilla, while in adult ewes it was rose. The mean depth of penetration (cm) and number of cervical folds recorded in ewe lambs, adult ewes during follicular and luteal phases were 0.75±0.03, 3.10±0.21 and 0.87±0.05 and 3.30±0.12, 3.92±0.07 and 4.00±0.00, respectively. The occurence of grade 1 cervix was more in ewe lambs and adult ewes with least occurence of grade 3 while the occurence of grade 2 was intermediate with a similar trend for average depth of penetration for cervix. In the present study the measurements of the cervical moulds of ewe lambs and adult ewes revealed a significant difference (P<0.01) in the length (cm), weight (gm), number of folds, height of fold, diameter of fold (cm), internal diameter of fold (cm) and distance from os to folds (cm) between the ewe lambs and adult ewes. From the current study it was concluded that the alignment of the second or third cervical ring, in relation to the first ring was the principal determinant of depth of penetration and the major impediment to transcervical AI. Thus, it was opined that application of transcervical AI and ET could be practically possible at ages greater than 4 years, or at 3-4 years of age.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF VARIOUS METHODS OF EARLY PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS IN GRADED MURRAH BUFFALOES (Bubalus bubalis)
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2014-10) SRILATHA, BETHAPUDI; VENKATA NAIDU, G (Major); SRINIVAS, MANDA; DEVI PRASAD, V
    ABSTRACT: The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the different methods of early pregnancy diagnosis viz., Heat-aid rapid detection kit, Serum progesterone assay, Punyakoti test and Transrectal ultrasonography and to compare between and among different methods. The present study was conducted on 86 Graded Murrah buffaloes aged between 4 to 8 years showing estrus signs and were artificially inseminated upon rectal and ultrasonographic observations. These were randomly divided into four test groups and pregnancy diagnosis was carried out at an early stage from day 20 post insemination. Pregnancy diagnosis in Group 1 (Heat-aid kit) was carried out using qualitative commercial kit on day 21 post insemination with appearance of pink colour in nonpregnant and no colour change in pregnant buffaloes. Buffaloes in Group II (Serum progesterone assay) were analyzed for early pregnancy with estimation of serum progesterone concentration on day 21 post insemination using ELISA and were recorded as 4.63 ± 0.93 and 0.954 ± 0.318 ng/ml in pregnant and nonpregnant buffaloes, respectively. Pregnancy diagnosis in Group III (Punyakoti test) was undertaken using seed germination inhibition test at day 26 post insemination and the buffaloes diagnosed pregnant showed significant inhibition of seed germination and shoot length than the nonpregnant buffaloes with a mean germination inhibition percentage (%) and shoot length (cm) of 70.66 ± 1.63 ; 3.33 ± 0.074 and 45.99 ± 1.84 ; 5.44 ± 0.17 in pregnant and nonpregnant buffaloes, respectively. Buffaloes in Group IV (Transrectal ultrasonography) were analyzed for early pregnancy using ultrasound at day 20, 25 and 30 post insemination. Pregnant buffaloes showed anechoic embryonic vesicle within the echogenic uterus on day 20, expansion of embryonic vesicle and embryo proper in some buffaloes on day 25 and clear visualization of anechoic embryonic vesicle and echogenic embryo proper in all pregnant buffaloes on day 30 post insemination. Confirmation of pregnancy in all the buffaloes that were selected in the four test groups was done by rectal examination at day 45-60 post insemination. The overall diagnostic accuracy of Group I, II, III and IV was 93.75, 85.00, 75.00 and 100 per cent on days 21, 21, 26 and 30 post insemination. The study concluded that Heat-aid kit and Transrectal ultrasonography was 100 per cent accurate in diagnosing nonpregnancy. Among all the diagnostic techniques in the present study, transrectal ultrasonography was more accurate in diagnosing pregnancy and nonpregnancy from day 25 post insemination.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TREATMENT OF POSTPARTUM ANESTRUS BY USING CERTAIN HORMONAL COMBINATIONS FOR ENHANCEMENT OF FERTILITY IN BUFFALOES (Bubalus bubalis)
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2014-02) MULLA SANDANI BASHA SHAIK; VENKATA NAIDU, G (Major); SREENU, MAKKENA; SRINIVAS, MANDA
    ABSTRACT : The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of the Norgestomet and Ovsynch alone and in combination for the treatment of postpartum anoestrus buffaloes on conception rate. The present study was conducted on forty eight postpartum (3 to 8 months) anoestrus buffaloes suffering from postpartum ovarian inactivity confirmed on the basis of rectal palpation and serum progesterone concentrations. Buffaloes were randomly assigned in to three treatment groups and a control group of twelve animals each. Buffaloes in treatment Group A (Ovsynch) were administered 20μg of GnRH (Receptal) on the day of initiation of treatment, Seven days later 25mg of PGF2α (Lutalyse) administered and again 10μg of GnRH (Receptal) on day 9. Buffaloes in treatment Group B (Norgestomet) were treated by inserting a Crestar ear implant containing 1.3gm of norgestomet and 2ml of Crestar injection containing 3mg of norgestomet and 5mg of estradiol valerate on the day of initiation of treatment. On day 7, PGF2α @ 25mg was injected intra muscularly and Crestar implant was removed on day 9. Buffaloes in treatment Group C (Ovsynch plus Norgestomet) were treated with Ovsynch protocol plus Crestar ear implant for a period of seven days starting from first GnRH (Day 0) to PGF2α injection (Day7) of Ovsynch. The buffalo cows which were bred at natural physiological estrus were treated as control (Group D). The buffaloes which responded exhibited estrus within three days and were bred at observed induced estrus and at subsequent estrus. Higher number of postpartum anoestrus buffaloes, treated with Norgestomet in Group B and C exhibited intense to intermediate estrus, while in Ovsynch treated Group B the estrus signs were intermediate to weak. The estrus response following hormonal treatment was 66.66 (8/12), 100.00 (12/12), and 100.00 (12/12) per cent in A (Ovsynch), B (Norgestomet) and C (Ovsynch plus Norgestomet) groups, respectively. An ovulatory response of 75 (6/8), 66.66 (8/12), 75 (9/12) per cent were observed in Ovsynch, Norgestomet, Ovsynch plus Norgestomet groups, respectively. The conception rates at induced estrus were 16.67 (2/12), 33.33 (4/12), 41.67 (5/12) per cent in Ovsynch, Norgestomet, Ovsynch plus Norgestomet groups, respectively. The overall conception rate among the anestrous animals treated was higher (75.00%) in Ovsynch plus Norgestomet group followed by Norgestomet (58.33%), Ovsynch (25.00%) and 16.67 per cent in control group. The progesterone profile could be used to assess the anestrus, estrus, luteolysis and CL formation which is an indicative of ovulation and thus used to determine the effectiveness of hormonal therapy.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS AND OVULATION IN POSTPARTUM ACYCLIC CROSSBRED COWS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI – 517 502 [A.P.] INDIA, 2015-11) RAMALAKSHMI, N; SRINIVAS, M (Major); MOULI KRISHNA, K; SREEDEVI, B
    ABSTRACT: The present Research work was undertaken by utilizing 24 postpartum acyclic crossbred cows maintained under diverse (village) managemental conditions. The work was designed to study the efficacy of different synchronization protocols viz., Ovsynch (Group I), Ovsynch+PRID (Group II) and PRID+PG (Group III) based on estrus response, duration of estrus, intensity of estrus, serum progesterone concentration and conception rate. The estrus response and duration of estrus after synchronization of postpartum acyclic crossbred cows inGroup I, Group II and Group III was 75.00, 100.00 and 87.50 percent; 50.62±8.39hrs, 68.00±2.61hrs and 58.63±9.36 hrs,respectively. Intensity of estrus exhibited was high of (62.5%) when synchronized with Ovsynch+PRID protocol followed by PRID+PG (50.0%) andOvsynch (25.0%) protocols. In Ovsynch (12.5% weak, 62.5% intermediate and 25% intense) Ovsynch+PRID, (0% weak, 37.5% intermediate and 62.5% intense) and PRID+PG, (12.5% weak, 37.5% intermediate and 50% intense). The mean serum progesterone concentrations in Group I, Group II and Group III on day ‘0’ were 2.56±1.04ng/ml, 1.66±0.24 ng/ml and 1.43±0.32 ng/ml,respectively and at the time of AI they were 7.60±0.87 ng/ml, 1.86±0.28 ng/ml and 2.50±0.65 ng/ml, respectively. The difference in the serum progesterone concentrations amongst all the three synchronization protocols was non-significant (P>0.05) recorded on day ‘0’ and day of AI. The first service conception rate was 50% and 50% in crossbred acyclic cows synchronized with Ovsynchand PRID+PG protocols, respectively while it was comparatively lower in Ovsynch+PRID protocol (37.50%). The overall conception rate in Ovsynch, Ovsynch+PRID and PRID+PG protocols was 50%, 50% and 62.50%. It was concluded from the present study that Ovsynch+PRID protocol obtained better estrus exhibition, while PRID+PG was found to be effective in getting optimum conception rate with fixed time artificial inseminationin postpartum acyclic crossbred cows.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFICACY OF PROSTAGLANDIN INDUCED MILK FLOW TEST (PGIMFT) FOR EARLY PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS IN ONGOLE (Bos indicus) COWS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502 (A.P) INDIA., 2015-10) SATISH, SANAPATI; MUTHA RAO, M (Major); VENKATA NAIDU, G; DEVI PRASAD, V
    ABSTRACT : The aim of this research was to determine the accuracy and efficacy of PGIMFT for early diagnosis of pregnancy in Ongole cows. The diagnosis of pregnancy was based on observation of milk ejection response due to release of luteal oxytocin induced by intravenous administration of non-luteolytic dose of PGF2α. The study was performed on 42 lactating cows, 22-23 days post insemination, 5 hours after morning milking. The cows were divided into 3 groups; 250μg of PGF2α (Group I, n=16) and 500μg of PGF2α (Group II, n=16) were administered intrajugularly, while group III cows served as control. The pregnancy status was confirmed by per rectal examination 45-60 days post AI. It was found that the accuracy of the test did not vary between the groups. However, the accuracy of positive result (90.47 vs. 84.61%), negative result (45.45 vs. 25.0%) and overall diagnostic accuracy (75.0 vs. 61.90%) non-significantly exceeded that obtained by ELISA of plasma progesterone method. The test being inexpensive, rapid, easy to interpret, field friendly and does not require highly qualified personnel to perform, can be used for early pregnancy diagnosis with reasonable accuracy.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF LOWER DOSES OF FSH ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES IN ONGOLE CATTLE
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI – 517 502 (A.P) INDIA, 2015-11) YEDUKONDALU, DUDDUKURI; MUTHA RAO, M (Major); MOULI KRISHNA, K; PADMAJA, K
    ABSTRACT : The aim of this research was to determine the effect of lower doses of FSH on superovulatory responses in Ongole (Bos indicus) cattle. Thirteen lactating /dry, multiparous, clinically normal, cyclic Ongole cows aged 6-14 years were administered NIH – FSH – P1 @ 100mg (Group I, n=7) and 130mg (Group II, n=6). In both groups superovulation was started on the 10th day of natural estrus cycle after confirming the presenceof CL. Embryos were collected non-surgically 7-7.5 days after super estrus and were morphologically evaluated based on stage of development and quality. A total of 92.30% cows responded to superovulation treatment without any significance difference between groups. Cows of group II produced non-significantly (P>0.05) higher ovarian response than those of group I. The mean number of total ova/embryo (1.83 ± 0.65 and 3.83 ± 1.72) and viable embryos recovered (1.00 ± 0.68 and 3.17 ± 1.30) in group I and group II respectively, did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The ovulation rate and embryo recovery were negatively correlated to concentrations of P4 on day 0 but positively correlated to P4 concentrations on day 7. The P4 concentrations were highest on day 7 after superestrus. In the present study, in general a substantial increase in the levels of oxidative stress factors like MDA and cortisol and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD and catalase, has been noticed on the day of embryo collection (day 7). The results of the present study reveal that lowering the dose of FSH to 100mg did not elicit satisfactory superovulatory response in Ongole cows as compared to 130mg. Further studies to assess the reasons for reduced ova/ embryo recovery (36.66% in group I and 47.91% in group II) are warranted.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CLINICO - BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON UTERINE TORSION IN GRADED MURRAH BUFFALOES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS PROGNOSIS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502, A.P, 2016-05) SRINIVASA RAO NAIK, B; SRINIVAS, M
    ABSTRACT : The incidence of uterine torsion in the present study was 63.30 per cent out of all the difficult parturitions from July 2014 to October 2015 (two calving seasons). Uterine torsion was recorded in 8 primiparous (11.59%) and 61 pluriparous (88.41%) buffaloes at term, 2-3 days after onset of parturition and 9 months of gestation in 53 (76.81%), 10 (14.49%) and 6 (8.70%) buffaloes, respectively. Post cervical torsion was at 97.10 per cent followed by pre cervical uterine torsion which was 2.90 per cent. Right sided torsion was more common (91.30%) when compared with the left sided uterine torsion (8.70%). The incidence of severe degree (>270->360°) of uterine torsion was 55.07 per followed by 27.54 per cent with moderate (>180-270o) and 17.39 per cent with mild (90-180o) degrees of torsion. The condition was observed since 12-24 hours in 44.93, >24-36 hours in 40.58 and >36 hours in 14.49 per cent of the buffaloes before they were presented for treatment. Most of the fetuses were in anterior longitudinal presentation (96.83%) while only a few (3.17%) were in posterior longitudinal presentation. Male and female calves were born at 57.14 and 42.86 per cent, respectively among them, 31.75 and 68.25 per cent were live and dead, respectively. The success rate of detorsion by modified Schaffer’s method based on the degree of torsion was 100.00, 94.73 and 86.84 per cent in 90-180°, >180-270° and >270->360°, respectively while it was 100.00, 92.86 and 60.00 per cent in buffaloes presented at 12-24 hours, >24-36 hours and >36 hours, respectively. Uterine rupture was evident in 2 out of 5 buffaloes and 2 out of the 4 buffaloes which were presented with >270°->360° uterine torsion, and >36 hours after onset of uterine torsion, respectively. With the advancement of the degree and duration of uterine torsion, the haematological changes showed lymphocytopenia, neutrophilia with shift to left, esionophila and monocytosis. Blood glucose levels significantly increased with increased duration and degree of uterine torsion. Calcium were significantly higher and showed a transient decrease with increase in degree and duration of torsion while, serum phosphorus levels showed a non-significant decrease with degree and duration. Serum creatinine and AST levels in the present study showed a significant increase with increase in degree and duration of uterine torsion. From the present study it was concluded the level of calcium, creatinine and AST could be used as an indicator for duration and prognosis of detorsion in buffaloes. Thus, the attention of the veterinarian must be directed either to advise rolling of the case as soon as possible or to salvage the animal in delayed cases presented > 36 hours to prevent financial losses to the farmer.