Browsing by Author "Subramanian, N."
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Book chapterItem Open Access Development and Sustainable Release Evaluation of Enrofloxacin Solid Lipid Nanopartilces(2014) Senthilkumar, P.; Arivuchelvan, A.; Jagadeeswaran, A.; Subramanian, N.; Senthilkumar, C.; Mekala, P.; TANUVASThe study was conducted to formulate the enrofloxacin solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with sustained release profile and improved pharmacological activity. The enrofloxacin SLNs were prepared using tripalmitin as lipid carrier, tween 80 and span 80 as surfactants and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer by a hot homogenization coupled with ultrasonication method. The formulation were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential (using dynamic light scattering), shape (using atomic force microscopy), drug encapsulation efficiency (using by dialysis and ultracentrifugation methods), and in vitro drug release (using by dialysis).ArticleItem Open Access FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF ENROFLOXACIN SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES FOR SUSTAINED ORAL DELIVERY(2015) Senthilkumar, P.; Arivuchelvan, A.; Jagadeeswaran, A.; Subramanian, N.; Senthilkumar, C.; Mekala, P.; TANUVASObjective: The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate enrofloxacin solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) using a hot homogenization coupled with ultrasonication method for sustained oral delivery. Methods: The SLNs were prepared using tripalmitin as lipid carrier, tween 80 and span 80 as surfactants and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer. The factors such as composition and concentration of lipid carrier and surfactant on the particle size were investigated to optimize the formulations. The optimized SLNs formulations were utilized to entrap enrofloxacin and characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (using dynamic light scattering), shape (using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy [TEM]), drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) , loading capacity (LC) (using by dialysis and ultracentrifugation methods), and in vitro drug release (using by dialysis). The prepared SLNs were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to confirm the cross-linking reaction between drug, lipid and surfactants. Results: The results demonstrated that the particle size, PDI, zeta potential, EE and LC of the enrofloxacin SLNs were 154.72±6.11 nm, 0.42±0.11, −28.83±0.60 mV, 59.66±3.22% and 6.13±0.32%, respectively. TEM and AFM images showed spherical to circular particles with well-defined periphery. In vitro drug release exhibited biphasic pattern with an initial burst release of 18% within 2 hrs, followed by sustained release over 96 hrs. FT-IR study suggested that during the process of formulations, lipid and surfactants have not reacted with the drug to give rise to reactant products and it was only physical mixture. Conclusion: The results indicated that SLNs might be a promising delivery system to prolong and enhance the pharmacological activity of enrofloxacin.ArticleItem Open Access Study of Occurrence of snails in Kanchipuram district of Tamil Nadu(2018-01) Muthu, M.; Subramanian, N.; Soundararajan, C.; TANUVASA total of 3259 snails were collected from four zones of Kancheepuram district viz., Melkadirpur, Kalianur, Enjambakkam and Vedal villages during the period from March 2016 to February 2017 to know the types and intensity of different species of snails. Aquatic snails (92.74%) were found to be more than the amphibious snails (7.26%). Among the various types of snails, Stenothyra blanfordiana (43.73%) was found to be more followed by Indoplanorbis exuxtus (23.69%), Radix luteola (15.16%), Pila globosa (7.18%), Bellamyia sp. (5.16%), Melanoides tuberculatus (3.19%), Gyraulus convexiusculus (1.19%) and Paludomas tranchauricus (0.70%). Snails were found mostly on Nymphaea pubescens, Paspalum vaginatum, Paspalidium geminatum, Bergia capensis, Brachiaria eruciformis, Brachiaria ramosa, Panicum maximum, Fimbristylis aestivalis, Neptunia oleraceae), Ipomoea asarifolia, Pannisetum hohenackeri (Manjapullu), Monochoria vaginalis, Fuirena trilobites, Striga angustifolia, Diplachne malabarica, Andropogan pumilus, Rottboelliaco chinchinensis, Echinochloaoryzoides Sporobolus maderaspatanus and Digitariatomentos.ArticleItem Open Access Study of seasonal prevalence of snails in Kanchipuram District of Tamil Nadu(2018) Muthu, M.; Subramanian, N.; Soundararajan, C.; TANUVASSeasonal prevalence of aquatic snails in four zones of Kancheepuram district viz., Melkadirpur, Kalianur, Enjambakkam and Vedal villages were carried out during the period from March 2016 to February 2017. The collected snails were identified as Radix luteola, Indoplanorbis exuxtus, Gyraulus convexiusculus, Melanoides tuberculatus, Bellamyia sp., Stenothyra blanfordiana, Paludomas tranchauricus and Pila globosa. Snails were found to be more in northeast monsoon (32.31%) followed by winter (25.09%), summer (21.50%) and southwest monsoon (21.08%). Among the snails, more number of R. luteola G. convexiusculus Bellamyia sp., and P. tranchauricus found in summer, whereas I. exustus and P. globosa were found more number during northeast and southwest monsoon respectively. Highest number of M. tuberculatus and S. blanfordiana occurs mostly during winter.OtherItem Open Access கோழிக் குஞ்சுகளில் வெள்ளைக் கழிச்சல் நோயிற்கான நோய் எதிர்ப்புத் திறன் பற்றிய ஆய்வு(TANUVAS, 1995) Subramanian, N.; TANUVAS; Paul, N. Manohar