Browsing by Author "Ratnam, S"
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ArticleItem Unknown EVALUATION OF CERTAIN LEPTOSPIRAL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS(1987) Thillai Koothan, P; Ratnam, S; Venkatesan, RA; TANUVASDark-field microscopy and immunoperoxidase staining test for the demonstration of antigen and microscopic agglutinatian (MAT) and enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for the demonstration of antibody were compared in experimentally infected calves with scrovars Pomona and autumnalis. The darkfield microscopy was found better than the immunopcroxidase staining both in blood and urine samples Second centrifugation at l0000G always gave higher positive results. {The MAT detected early serum antibodies than the ELISA The late antibody detection by ELISA may probably be due to the use of IgG fraction in the conjugate The ELISA exhibited higher level of titres than MAT.ArticleItem Unknown Evidence of Leptospiral Antibodies Among Domestic Animals in Madras City(TANUVAS, 1983) Ratnam, S; Subramanian, S; Sundararaj, T; TANUVASMore number of positive titres were observed in dogs in PUO group 14/20 (70%) than with haemorrhagic enteritis group 6/14 (43%) with higher frequency of antibody to icterohaemorrhagiae (18/27) and canicola (17/27). Goats 8/22 (36%) appear to be more susceptible than sheep 8/38 (21%). The buffaloes were reacting more against tarassovi. Icterohaemorrhagiae appears to be prevalent both in domestic dogs as well as rats, while other strains do not prevail common among all the animals. It appears that different host harbour different strains of leptospires in Madras city.ArticleItem Open Access A Histological Study on White Spotted Kidney(TANUVAS, 1983) Ratnam, S; Sundararajan, A; Thanikachalam, M; TANUVASChronic inflamatory changes were evident in the sections of the white spotted kidney collected from 22 goats and 6 sheep, which may be due to the leptospiral infection.ArticleItem Open Access Immunological Responses to Leptospirosis in Experimentally Infected Buffalo Calves(TANUVAS, 1983) Ratnam, S; Subramanian, S; Adinarayanan, N; TANUVASThe humoral and CMI responses to leptospirosis were studied in experimentally infected buffalo calves. The humoral response to infecting strain (icterohaemorrhagiae, RGA) reached the peak in the second week after infection and then gradually declines. But the CMI response appeared to be specific to the infecting agent in the early days of infection.ArticleItem Open Access Indirect Haemagglutination Test in the Diagnosis of Cysticercosis(TANUVAS, 1983) Ratnam, S; Khanna, P.N.; TANUVASThe passive haemagglutination test using T.saginata whole antigen was employed for the detection of cysticercosis among 200 white cattle and 100 buffaloes and the results were compared with the routine postmortem examination. There was a higher percentage (13.5%) of positive evidence in the serological test than the visual findings (5.5%) in white cattle. No cysticerci could be observed in buffalo carcasses while 9% of them were serologically positive. The T.saginata antigen was also useful in detecting T.solium infection among human cases.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of GnRH on Estrus Response and Fertility in Norgestomet Treated Postpartum Anestrus Buffaloes(TANUVAS, 1998) Ravi, K; TANUVAS; Asokan, S.A.; Ratnam, S; Kathiresan, DArticleItem Open Access LEPTOSPIRAL ANTIBODIES IN FARM CATTLE AND INCONTACT HUMAN BEINGS(1987) Kathiravan, V; Venugopal, K; Ratnam, S; TANUVASEvidence of leptosiral residual antibodies among two organised dairy farms and the incontncr animal attendants were cstlblished. The serover autummllis predominated in one farm situated in Madras city while the other had varied serovars but correlated between the cattle and the incontact human casesArticleItem Open Access Leptospirosis In Repeat Breeding And Anoestrus Cattle(1990) Kulasekar, K; Quayam, SA; Ratnam, S; TANUVASSixty one serum samples from cows and buffaloes with problems of repeat breeding and nnoestrum were screened for leptospiral infection by microscopic agglutination test using antigens belonging to six serogrnups : Autumnalis, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, He- bdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagine and Pomo- na. Twenty six out of 61 sera screened revealed antibody rilres ranging from 1:20 to 1:320. Three repeat breeding and two anoestrus cattle exhibited a titre of 1:80 and above.ArticleItem Open Access PREVALENCE OF LEPTOSPIRAL ANTIBODIES IN ABORTING AND REPEAT BREEDING CATTLE(1986) Venugopal, K; Ratnam, S; Raghavan, N; TANUVASLeptospirosis has been recognised as one of the important by many Workers (Sane and Deshpande, 1965, Somasundara Rao and Surendran 1970).ThesisItem Open Access Restriction Enzyme Profiles of Leptospires(TANUVAS, 1995) Kumar, A. Senthil; TANUVAS; Ramadass, P; Nachimuthu, K; Ratnam, SArticleItem Open Access Retained Afterbirth Due to Leptospiral Infection In Cattle Madras Voter(1993) Kulasekar, K; Quayam, SA; Ratnam, S; TANUVASBovine Leptospirosis is known to cause enormous economic loss to the cattle industry. A number of aspects of reproductive wastage in cattle associated with leptospiral infection have been highlighted by studies of naturally infected cattle, which include abortion, premature birth of live calves, still birth, birth of weak term calves which may not survive, decreased milk production and infertility. Ellis and Michna (1977) demonstrated leptospires in placenta from animals which produced live healthy calves as long as 60 days after infection. Many aspects of Leptospirosls in cattle are still inadequately defined. This present study was undertaken with a view to determine association of Leptospiral infection in retained afterbirth.ArticleItem Open Access SEROPREVALENCE OF LEPTOSPIRAL INFECTION IN AN AGRICULTURAL BASED VILLAGE IN TAMIL NADU(1997) Natarajaseenivasan, K; Ratnam, S; TANUVASA serosurvey was conducted in an agricultural village in South India to find out the seroprevalence among agricultural workers, domestic animals and field rats (Rattus norvegicus). The positive seroprevalence among cattle, sheep, goat in field rats, and in agricultural workers were 61.5%,56.3% 75%,52.9% and 72.5% respectively. The human control group had only 27.3% seroreactors. Pomona predominated in sheep and field rats, where as Autumnalis predominated among agricultural workers. Cattle and goat had equal distribution of antibodies to Autumnalis and Pomona. Among human controls, Pomona was the predominant group, followed by Icterohaemorrhagiae. Though Pomona had higher prevalence among field rats, the isolate made was only Javanica. Human infections due to Autumnalis, Canicola and Pomona could have been from domestic animals and field rats.ArticleItem Open Access STANDARDIZATION OF DIPSTICK ELISA IN LEPTOSPIRAL ANTIGEN DETECTION(1996) Suresh Babu, L; Ratnam, S; Nataraja Sreenivasan, K, et al.,; TANUVASNormally human urine is acidic in nature. The leptospires which are voided through urine may get disintegrated within a few minutes, Arimitsu (1988). Bringing such urine to the laboratory for the demonstration of the leptospires may not give correct result. Hence, this study has been undertaken to evolve a rapid, and sensitive test system to detect the leptospiral antigen in human urine.ThesisItem Open Access Study on the Ocular Manifestations in Canine Systemic Infections(TANUVAS, 1991) Thirunavukkarasu, P.S.; TANUVAS; Gnanaprakasam, V; Rajan, T.S.S.; Ratnam, S