Theses
Browse
Browsing Theses by Author "AARIFF KHAN, M.A"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF AGRI BIO DIVERSITY PARK SOILS OF ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD(ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2011) KAMALAKAR, J; AARIFF KHAN, M.AIn the present study twenty representative pedons were selected based on topography from various physiographic units identified in Agri Bio Diversity Park of Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad and on the basis geomorphic units, soils were selected from Upland, Midland and Lowland. All the pedons were studied for their morphological characteristics and horizon wise samples were processed for physical, physico-chemical and chemical characteristics. Based on morphology and analytic data profiles were characterized and classified. The soils were very shallow to deep (5 to 60 cm), dark red to very dark greyish brown (2.5 YR 3/6 – 10YR 3/2), excessively well drained. The results showed that variation in soil properties strongly influenced on land form and topography. The analysis of soils indicated that the upland soils are shallow, midland and lowland soils are medium to deep, but along the slope the depth of soil increased along with other physical properties like clay, water holding capacity, infiltration rate and bulk density. The pH is neutral to moderately alkaline (6.5 to 8.04), low to high in organic carbon (0.18 to 0.96 %), low to medium in CEC (11.5 – 26.5 c mol (p+) kg-1). The base saturation indicated that non-fertile to very fertile and soil texture was sandy loam to sandy clay loam with variation in relation to physiography. The upland soils were exhibiting higher bulk density, particle density and lower water holding capacity, midland and lowland soils were recorded higher infiltration rate and clay percentage. In all soils pH, OC and CEC were consistently increased with depth. The organic carbon content and CEC were higher in lowland soils, which might be due to the clay translocation and organic carbon content accumulation. The soils are low to medium in available N (92.3 to 351.5 kg ha-1), low to medium in available P (6.22 to 28.2 kg ha-1), low to high in available K (93.1 to 293.4 kg ha-1), deficient to sufficient in available S (7.1 to 21.2 mg kg-1). The available micro nutrients are sufficient in all the profiles. Based on morphological, physical, physio-chemical, chemical and meteorological data, soils were classified according to the revisions of USDA soil taxonomy (2006), that out of 20 profiles ten profiles (P4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 19 and 20) belongs to order of Inceptisoils, six profiles belongs to order of Alfisols and other remaining are Entisols. All soils were classified up to the family level. The upland soils classified as coarse loamy, Iso-megathermic, Typic, Ustorthents (P16, 15 and 18). Further, the profiles P4, 5, 10, 11, 12 and 20 were classified as coarse loamy, Isomegathermic and Haplustepts and P2 were fine loamy, Iso-mega thermic, Typic Rhodustalfs. The soils of Agri Bio Diversity Park were classified on the basis of Landscape position that is uplands, midlands and lowlands. Uplands recorded primarly Entisols (P8, 15, 16 and 18) and midland soils with one Inceptisol indicating a transition from Entisols to later Inceptisols. Further Uplands also recorded Inceptisol, where the pedogenic process and the soil development initiated through horizination. The Alfisols were observed in the midlands (P2, 3, and 6) and lowlands (P1, 11 and 17), illustrating the development of a matured profiles, with a good depth in all horizons with sequence. The study evidently indicate that the topographically and relief plays an important role in soil development. The detailed soil survey was conducted in Agro Bio Diversity Park. Topographical map by using instrument total station was developed with scale 1:2500. Further, on the basis of the topographical and planimetric data, two sites were identified for the construction of check dams with an ultimate objective of conservation and management at 0.5 contour interval was prepared. The soil resource inventory for identifying the soil related constraints has `been prepared based on field survey and laboratory investigation. Further the major constraints like erosion, runoff and drainage resulting in soil material loss must be controlled with a combination of various practices in a system approach especially with trees, crops and an abiotic component may be integrated for the restoration and conservation of soil and land resources including native flora and fauna insitu. Hence appropriate soil and water conservation practices needed to be undertaken simultaneously to conserve and preserve the native flora and fauna which are found in Agro Bio Diversity Park of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad. It is concluded that characterization and classification of Agri Bio Diversity Park soils basic information at initial stage is useful to overcome the soil management constraints for further development and maintenance of park in better way.Item Open Access INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT OF rabi SWEET SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L. Monech) IN PONGAMIA BASED AGRISILVICULTURE SYSTEM(ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD, 2009) KASTHURI RAJAMANI; AARIFF KHAN, M.AThe present study entitled “Integrated nutrient management of rabi Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Monech) in Pongamia based agrisilviculture system” was conducted in red sandy loams in Agroforestry research block, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University campus, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The field experiment was laid out in randomised block design with 9 treatments replicated thrice. The treatments consists of combination of three types of manures such as poultry manure (PM), vermicompost (VC), FYM and two types of biofertilizers Azospirillum and VAM with 75 % recommened dose of N, besides individual 100 % RDF (NPK @ 80-60-40 kg ha-1) and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 compared to control without manure and fertilizer. Integrated use of 75 % RDN along with 25 % N through PM significantly influenced the dry matter production (18.56 q ha-1) on par with 100 % RDF (17.53 q ha-1) closely followed by 75 % RDN + 25 % N through VC (16.01 q ha-1) at 60 DAS. Plant nutrient composition of N, P, K and Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn was significantly influenced by different treatments over control. The highest content was recorded due to combination of 75 % RDN + 25 % N through PM with a values 3.55, 0.325, 3.55 % and 31.85, 86.72, 6.01, 53.28 mg kg-1 respectively. The increase in concentration of nutrients appears to be due to enhanced availability of nutrients, uptake of nutrients and increased plant growth. The uptake of nutrients in Sweet sorghum was significantly more in conjoint use of 75 % RDN along with 25 % N through PM at 60 DAS. The grain and stover yield at harvest was effected significantly by different treatments over control. Application of 100 % RDF (NPK @ 80-60-40 kg ha-1) registered highest grain (30.78 q ha-1) and stover yield (92.25 q ha-1) followed by 75% RDN + 25 % N through PM (28.50 and 84.65 q ha-1). Regarding quality parameters the maximum brix (12.40 %) and sucrose content (9.86 %) was recorded in combined treatment i.e. 75 % RDN + 25 % N through PM which was significantly superior over control. Irrespective type of manure and biofertilizer combination with inorganic fertilizer significantly increased the nutrient concentration and uptake of nutrients by grain and stover. Among them the best nutrient management treatment is 75 % RDN + 25 % N through PM followed by 75 % RDN + 25 % N through VC. Total uptake of nutrients by Sweet sorghum also showed similar pattern as was observed in corresponding grain and stover uptake. The soil pH and EC at both 60 DAS and harvest was not changed significantly by different treatments over initial values. The organic carbon content indicate that there was significant effect by different treatments over control in general. But, in particular high OC content was observed in manurial treatment combinations. Out of which maximum OC content and moderate build up over control was registered in 75 % RDN + 25 % N through PM at 60 days period and harvest (0.57 and 0.63 %). The status of available nutrients (N, P, K) was significantly influenced by type of manure and biofertilizer with inorganic fertilizer. Among them the highest content was found under nutrient management practice followed by 75 % RDN + 25 % N through PM at both 60 DAS and harvest (215.49, 22.84, 228.36 kg ha-1 and 242.72, 23.96, 233.44 kg ha-1). The superiority of poultry manure than other two manures is due to higher nutrient composition, faster mineralization and low C:N ratio. Similar pattern was followed in the same treatment with respect to available Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn at both 60 DAS and harvest (1.38, 9.53, 2.24, 14.56 mg kg-1 and 1.72, 9.72, 2.28, 14.68 mg kg-1 respectively). Between biofertlizer combination treatments, inoculation of both Azospirillum + VAM @ 5 kg ha-1 each with 75 % RDN was relatively better than non inoculation and sole application of FYM 10 t ha-1 in terms of available major and micro nutrients at both 60 DAS and post harvest stage. Different types of manure and biofertilizer combination with chemical fertilizer significantly influenced the soil enzyme activity such as urease, dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatase at 60 DAS and harvest. The soil enzyme activity was maximum at 60 days duration of crop growth and gradually decreased up to harvest stage of crop growth. The highest content of different soil enzyme activity was observed with conjoint use of 75 % RDN + 25 % N through PM at both 60 DAS and harvest. Based on the results it was concluded that integrated use of 75 % RDN along with 25 % N through poultry manure increased the grain and stover yield as well as brix and sucrose content. Besides, nutrient concentration, uptake, soil enzymatic activity and available nutrient status also increased. Combined application of chemical fertilizer with manures and biofertilizers showed an added advantage by improving the yields and sustaining the fertility in Sweet sorghum. Thus indicating the possibility of substituting about 25 % organic N fertilizer through poultry manure or vermicompost.