DRY SPELL STUDIES IN BULDHANA DISTRICT USING GEOINFORMATICS.
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Date
2019-10-04
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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra.
Abstract
The onset of southwest monsoon over various parts of the country can be early, timely or late as compared to the set of normal dates. Initiation of monsoon and its progress depends on air movement and land topography which could be either rapid or slow or sometimes there could be prolonged stagnation in the advance of monsoon. The timing of the monsoon onset and knowledge about the occurrence of dry spells during monsoon period has vital importance in the agricultural sector. The present work on “Dry spell studies in Buldhana district using geoinformatics” was undertaken with specific objectives of rainfall analysis at taluka level for onset of effective monsoon (OEM), dry spells and withdrawal of monsoon in Buldhana district according to Ashok Raj (1979) criteria and the spatial variation of the above said monsoon events.
The average monsoon seasonal rainfall in different taluka stations in Buldhana district varied from 581.8 to 792.7 mm with coefficient of variation of 27.2 to 29 percent. The mean dates of onset and withdrawal of effective monsoon varied from 20th June to 5th July and 22nd to 30th September respectively at different taluka places in Buldhana district. The average monsoon seasonal rainfall during low, medium and high rainfall years varied from 405.8 to 560.8 mm, 519.8 to 761.4 mm and 760.5 to 1055.8 mm respectively in the district. The critical dry spells (CDS) in Buldhana district varied from 1 to 4 in number during different years with an average of 2 CDS. The average starting date of CDS in different monsoon months varied from 16th to 25th June, from 15th to 28thJuly, from 12th to 28th August and from 8th to 18th September. The highest percent chances of occurrence of dry spells of different duration (2 to 3, 3 to 4, 4 to 5 and more than 5 week) was found in August, followed by July and September at almost all talukas in Buldhana district.
The spatial variation study of probability of occurrence of different duration dry spells indicated the maximum chances of occurrence in Khamgaon, Mehkar, Sangrampur and Shegaon talukas and in some parts of Nandura, Sindkhed Raja, Lonar, Jalgaon Jamod, Buldhana, Motala and Chikhli talukas as compared to remaining talukas in Buldhana district. The temporal variation in occurrence of different duration dry spells indicated higher temporal variation of 2 to 3 week duration events in almost all the talukas of Buldhana district in different monsoon months except for June during which the chances of occurrence of dry spells were very less in few central talukas. The higher temporal variation in occurrence of 3 to 4 week duration dry spell events was observed in almost all the talukas during July compared to other monsoon months in which it was observed in less number of talukas of Buldhana district. The spatial variation of available water holding capacity of the soils in the study area varies from 140 to 200 mm per meter depth in different talukas of Buldhana district.
Description
The present research deals with the assessment of onset of effective monsoon (OEM), dry spells and withdrawal of monsoon 21 years (1998 to 2018) daily rainfall data of thirteen talukas in Buldhana district and sixteen talukas from districts adjoining to Buldhana district were analyzed. For the determination of onset of monsoon and critical dry spells Ashok Raj criteria was used. The spatial maps were prepared by using Arc-GIS software.
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Citation
PAGAR, NITIN KARBHARI. (2019). Dry spell studies in Buldhana district using geoinformatics. Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering (Agricultural Engineering), Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. M. Tech. 2019. Print. xv, 144p. (Unpublished).