Production of beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) vuillemin on industrial wastes and its potentiality against chilo auricilius dudgeon
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Date
2006
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Sugar industry wastes/byproducts viz. molasses, bagasse, press-mud
and cane trash were evaluated in the laboratory for mass culturing of a
locally collected strain of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) vuillemin. A set of
five optimal and supra-optimal media of each substrate was selected on the
basis of growth parameters particularly the growth and sporulation
(conidial yield). Potentiality of conidia harvested from each select medium
was tested against the sugarcane stalk borer Chilo auricilius Ddgn larvae.
The results of the studies indicated that cultivation of fungus on aqueous
molasses, a sugar industry byproduct, after addition of aqueous yeast was
feasible. Among the molasses-yeast liquid media fungus cultivated on 4.0
per cent molasses + 1.5 per cent yeast yielded highest conidial density (70.3
x 107 conidia ml-1) and biomass (24.0 g). Conidia harvested from this
medium inflicted highest mortality of C. auricilius larvae (90.5 per cent) in
shortest time interval (7.4 days). Conidia produced on all molasses-yeast
select media were larger in size than in remaining media, were more oblong
than oval shaped and looked like early stage blastospores. Incorporating
molasses and yeast in various concentrations and combinations to solid
substrates mainly the bagasse, press-mud and cane trash increased
sporulation heavily. Bagasse amended with 4.0 per cent molasses + 1.5 per
cent yeast and 3.0 per cent molasses + 1.0 per cent yeast emerged as the
best media for mass production of B. bassiana both in terms of conidial
density (833.4 and 144.1 x 107 conidial ml-1, respectively) and potentiality
to C. auricilius (87.8 and 88.0 per cent mortality, respectively). Fungus
sporulated heavily on press-mud based medium containing 3.0 per cent
molasses (1310.3 to 1090 x 107 conidia ml-1) while the yeast concentration
did not much affect the sporulation pattern.
A lower to moderate level of larval mortality (33.3 to 64.8 per cent)
was inflicted by conidia grown on select media of press-mud in 8.4 to 9.1
days. Though fungus yielded good conidial load on press-mud based media
after addition of exogenous carbon (molasses) and nitrogen (yeast) sources
but these media were found inadequate (suboptimal) in terms of
potentiality of fungus against test insect and hence may not be suitable for
the mass cultivation of fungus. A two stage cultivation process seems
feasible for cultivation of B. bassiana on molasses-yeast liquid media and
bagasse based solid media. Based on conidial yield, potentiality, time taken
to sporulate and cost of production of the fungus bagasse amended with
4.0 per cent molasses and 1.5 per cent yeast may be used as medium for
mass culturing while 4.0 per cent molasses and 1.5 per cent yeast broth 1:1
(v/v) as inoculant for culturing of B. bassiana.