Morphological and Molecular Cataloguing of Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) germplasm
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Date
2021-09-07
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Abstract
Forty-eight genotypes of mung bean collected from various different parts of the country were morphologically characterized using PPV & FRA DUS descriptors. The descriptors, plant habit, time of flowering, stem pubescence and pod pubescence, showed no variation among the genotypes in the studied twenty six descriptors. The characters like growth habit, stem colour, leaf colour, vein colour, leaf size, petiole colour, plant height, curvature of pod, pod position, pod colour, flower colour, days to maturity, seed colour, seed luster, seed size and seed colour showed variation and were recorded during different growth stages of crop. Thus, the present investigation clearly indicated the utilization of the PPV & FRA DUS descriptors for the purpose of registration, maintenance and protection of lines.
In the study, for all the nine characters, the genotypic coefficients of variation was observed to be lower than the phenotypic coefficients of variation indicating the effect of environment. Wide genetic variability was observed for the characters viz., days to maturity, pod length and days to 50% flowering. High heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for clusters/plant, plant height, branches/plant, seeds/pods, pods/plant and yield/plant signifying the prevalence of additive gene action and hence further improvement may be done through simple selection procedures.
The results of Mahalanobis D2 analysis indicated that among the forty eight genotypes there is presence of considerable genetic divergence and maximum contribution towards divergence was from the traits, branches/plant, yield, pods/ plant, plant height, clusters/plant, days to maturity, days to 50% flowering and seeds/pod. The forty-eight genotypes were grouped into tweleve clusters using Tocher’s method and the cluster I had the maximum number of eighteen genotypes with high intra-cluster distance. The clusters, III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, XI and XII were solitary clusters. The highest mean values for the yield/plant was recorded in cluster IX and the genotype present in this cluster can be effectively used for breeding programmes for yield improvement.
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The forty-eight genotypes were studied with fifty SSR primers, out of which polymorphism was observed in six primers and the PIC value was higher for primer, MB-122, indicating its usefulness in characterization of the genotypes. The Jaccard’s similarity coefficient values were ranged from 0.304 to 0.833 indicating that the material had vast genetic base.
The forty-eight genotypes were grouped into nine major clusters using similarity coefficients. Cluster I was the largest cluster with thirty-eight genotypes. The similarity coefficient values were minimum between the genotypes, MGG-385 and LGG-617, while the genetic distance was maximum between the genotypes, EC-398885 and VGG 15-30, indicating their relatedness and diversity, thus which can be further exploited in the breeding programmes for the transgressive breeding and creation of variability.
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Morphological and Molecular Cataloguing of Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek) germplasm