STUDIES ON EVALUATION OF BREEDING SOUNDNESS AND AUGMENTING THE FERTILITY OF LOW GRADE EJACULATES IN ONGOLE BULLS (Bos indicus)
Loading...
Date
2010-05
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI – 517 502,A.P
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
The present investigation “Studies on Evaluation of Breeding
Soundness and Augmenting the Fertility of Low Grade Ejaculates in Ongole
Bulls (Bos indicus)” was undertaken to study the biometry of testes, accessory
sex glands and evaluate fresh, post dilution and post thaw semen of various
grades and compare their fertility rates.
In the present study, the overall mean body condition score and scrotal
circumference were 6.63 ± 0.18 and 34.63 ± 0.21 cm. All the testicular
measurements by vernier showed significant positive correlations with
ultrasonographic measurements of the testes, accessory sex glands, ejaculate
volume and live sperm percent (P<0.05). Seminal vesicle dimensions revealed
significant positive correlation with ejaculate volume (P<0.01) and live sperm
percent (P<0.05). Ampulla showed a significant positive correlation with
dimensions of prostrate body.
A significant difference (P<0.01) was noticed in the mean mass activity
between normal ejaculates (2.74 ± 0.05) and low grade ejaculates (1.40 ±
0.55). The sperm concentration had a highly significant positive correlation
with total sperm per ejaculate (P<0.01). The live sperm percent in fresh normal
and low grade ejaculates was 80.20 ± 0.59 and 53.90 ± 0.38, respectively The
overall mean abnormal sperm count was 14.73 ± 2.19 and 29.58 ± 0.43
percent in fresh semen of normal and low grade quality. The abnormal sperm
count (%) showed significant negative correlation and significant positive
correlation with HPAP sperm percent and HNAN sperm percent respectively
(P<0.05).
The overall means of HOS-G sperm was 56.50 ± 0.50 and 30.35 ± 0.66
percent for HPAP, 17.30 ± 0.54 and 19.48 ± 0.66 percent for HPAN in fresh
semen of normal and low grade ejaculates, respectively. The overall mean
sperm penetration distance was 19.75 ± 0.19 and 14.40 ± 0.19 mm/20 min in
normal and low grade ejaculates. Sperm penetration distance of normal fresh
semen had a significant positive correlation with fertility (P<0.05), while it had a
non significant negative correlation in low grade ejaculates.
The overall mean post dilution sperm motility was 68.11 ± 0.89, 48.26 ±
0.34 and 67.66 ± 0.50 percent in the normal, low grade unfiltered and filtered
semen respectively . Post dilution sperm concentration of low grade unfiltered
and filtered semen had a significant negative correlation with post diluted
HPAN sperm percent (P<0.05). Live sperm percent of diluted low grade
unfiltered and filtered semen had a significant negative correlation with post
diluted HPAN sperm percent (P<0.05) while, the post diluted abnormal sperm
percent had a significant negative correlation with post diluted sperm
penetration distance (P<0.05). Post dilution abnormal sperm in normal semen
had a significant negative correlation with fertility (P<0.05). Post dilution HPAP
sperm percent of low grade filtered semen had a significant positive correlation
with post dilution sperm penetration distance (P<0.05).
Post thaw sperm motility of low grade filtered semen had a significant
positive correlation with live sperm percent by fluorogenic assessment, high
mitochondrial membrane potential and sperm nuclear morphology (P<0.05).
Post thaw live sperm percent of low grade filtered semen had a significant
negative correlation with post thaw abnormal sperm percent (P<0.05) and a
highly significant positive correlation with high mitochondrial membrane
potential (P<0.01). The overall mean post thaw abnormal sperm count in the
normal, low grade unfiltered and filtered semen were 22.10 ± 0.36, 35.56 ±
0.50 and 18.10 ± 0.34 percent respectively.
Post thaw HPAP sperm percent of normal semen had a significant
negative correlation with post thaw HNAN sperm percent and percent linearity
assessed by Sperm Class Analyzer (P<0.05). Post thaw HPAP sperm percent of
low grade filtered semen had a highly significant negative correlation with post
thaw HNAN sperm percent (P<0.01) and a significant negative correlation with
percent linearity (P<0.05). Post thaw sperm penetration distance of low grade
filtered semen had a significant positive correlation with high mitochondrial
membrane potential (P<0.05).
The overall mean post thaw progressive motility percent estimated by
Sperm Class Analyzer (SCA) was 33.35 ± 0.70, 17.99 ± 0.56 and 28.79 ± 0.72
in the normal, low grade unfiltered and filtered semen respectively. The
overall mean post thaw curvilinear velocity (Fm/sec) was 98.54 ± 1.60, 88.43 ±
1.70 and 90.79 ± 1.67 in the normal, low grade unfiltered and filtered semen
respectively. The post thaw linearity percent of normal and low grade filtered
semen had a non significant negative correlation with fertility; while low grade
unfiltered semen had a non significant positive correlation with fertility. The
overall mean post thaw straightness percent was 74.52 ± 1.31, 72.50 ± 1.47
and 74.28 ± 1.27 in the normal, low grade unfiltered and filtered semen
respectively.
In low grade filtered semen the functional membrane as well as
acrosomal integrities revealed a significant positive correlation with high
mitochondrial membrane potential and sperm nuclear morphology (P<0.05). In
the low grade filtered semen the parameter showed a significant positive
correlation with sperm nuclear morphology (P<0.05). The overall mean post
thaw sperm nuclear morphology was 77.56 ± 0.81, 55.69 ± 0.68 and 73.95 ±
0.83 percent in the normal, low grade unfiltered and filtered semen
respectively. The overall mean malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of post
thaw semen was 0.61 ± 0.01, 1.12 ± 0.01 and 0.69 ± 0.01 Fmol/ml in the
normal, low grade unfiltered and filtered samples respectively.
The overall mean fertility rate post insemination was 66.88 ± 4.22,
20.00 ± 1.89 and 60.63 ± 4.27 with frozen thawed semen of normal, low grade
unfiltered and filtered ejaculates, respectively. It is concluded from the present
study that the fertility rates of normal and low grade filtered semen differed
non significantly suggesting that filtration has considerably improved the
quality of low grade ejaculates; hence the filtration procedure could be used
practically to improve low grade ejaculates from superior bulls to obtain
optimum fertility.