Investigations on fruit and seed mycoflora of Bottle gourd and its management
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The prevalence of wide variety of mycoflora is a major limiting factor in deteriorating bottle
gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) crop qualitatively as well as quantitatively. In the present study, mycoflora
associated with seeds and fruits of bottle gourd was isolated, evaluated and further investigated for
impact of each isolate individually on bottle gourd seed germination, seedling vigour indices and
germination speed under in vitro conditions. A total of eight genera and fourteen fungal species were
isolated with prevalence of Fusarium proliferatum as external as well as internal seed borne mycoflora
and Talaromyces pinophilus as external seed borne mycoflora. Amongst different isolates of bottle
gourd, Fusarium proliferatum was found to be highly pathogenic due to maximum seed germination
inhibition and the lowest seedling vigour index of seeds inoculated with this isolate. Pathogenicity tests
conducted under in vivo conditions also confirmed the pathogenic nature of species of Fusarium. The
isolates Rhizopus oryzae, Penicillium polonicum and Talaromyces pinophilus resulted in increased
germination and vigour of bottle gourd. Amongst seven plant protectants evaluated against Fusarium
proliferatum, Propioconazole 25% EC, Mancozeb 75% WP and Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 % WP
performed better in inhibiting the spore germination. Investigations on efficacy of plant protectants in
improving seedling health and minimizing seedling infection due to Fusarium proliferatum revealed
that Propioconazole 25% EC, Copper oxychloride 50% WP and Mancozeb 75% WP were effective in
reducing per cent frequency of infection while the highest germination percentage of bottle gourd seeds
was observed in Trichoderma harzianum 1% WP treatment. The highest germination speed was
observed in Carbendazim 50% WP followed by Trichoderma harzianum 1% WP treated seeds. Out of
eight germplasm lines screened against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lagenarium, GH 34 had
the maximum disease intensity of 64.81% while GH 35 was observed to have a minimum disease
intensity of 23.33%.
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