Studies on compatibility of pine needle biooil as a ci engine fuel

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dc.contributor.advisorBhattacharya, T.K.
dc.contributor.authorBhunia, Snehasish
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-28T10:07:54Z
dc.date.available2019-01-28T10:07:54Z
dc.date.issued2018-07
dc.description.abstractThe world is presently facing the twin crisis of fossil fuel and environmental degradation. Development of alternative fuel has most necessity for betterment of economy of country and saving the environment. In Indian Himalayas region, the availability of pine needle (Pinus roxburghii) is about 15.9 MMT/yr whereas the availability in Uttarakhand alone is about 2.058 MMT/yr. The study was conducted to access the formulation of microemulsions from pine needles bio-oil for energy use and evaluate the performance of a CI engine on formulated microemulsions. The bio-oil was prepared by using a slow pyrolysis process. The condensate collected from the slow pyrolysis process contained moisture and sediments along with organic phase, which was the biooil. Moisture and sediments were removed from bio-oil by treating it with DCM and then filtering and distillation process respectively. Forty microemulsions were prepared using 5 to 25 % of pine needle bio-oil, 2 to 16 % n-butanol and the rest made up with HSD. The fuel properties such as relative density, kinematic and dynamic viscosity, flash and fire point, cloud and pour point, gross heat of combustion, ash content, carbon residue and corrosion level in copper strip of diesel, n-butanol, distilled pine needle bio-oil and the selected microemulsions were determined. A Kirloskar make, constant speed, C.I. engine developing 3.73 kW rated power at 1500 rpm was tested the performance on reference fuel HSD and selected stable microemulsions. The condensate from pyrolysis contained 46 % of moisture and 54 % of bio-oil. The average recovery of the bio-oil from pine needle was 24.8 %. The bio-oil was found to contain 1.84 and 10.34 % of coarse and fine sediments respectively. Formulation of microemulsions from pine needle bio-oil with HSD leads to improve of some properties viz. viscosity, carbon residue, ash content, copper strip corrosion level etc. The brake specific fuel consumption by the engine on HSD was calculated as 0.274 kg kW1 h1 at 100 % load. The same was found to be 5.47, 15.69, 22.26, 33.57 and 49.64 % higher than HSD in case of microemulsions replacing 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 % HSD respectively. Brake thermal efficiency of the engine on HSD was calculated as 28.91 % at maximum load. For the microemulsions replacing 15 to 35 % HSD, the brake thermal efficiency was found to be 0.05, 8.09, 11.79, 18.30 and 26.05 % lower than HSD respectively. Based on the fuel properties and engine performance test results it was evident that microemulsion P5B10D85 (5 % bio-oil, 10 % n-butanol and 85 % HSD), microemulsion P10B10D80 (10 % bio-oil, 10 % n-butanol and 80 % HSD) and microemulsion P15B10D75 (15 % bio-oil, 10 % n-butanol and 75 % HSD) may be recommended for use in CI engine without any engine modification. The above microemulsions replace 15, 20 and 25 % of HSD.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810092710
dc.keywordscompatibility, pine needles, biofuels, enginesen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.pages119en_US
dc.publisherG.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)en_US
dc.research.problemPinesen_US
dc.subFarm, Machinery and Poweren_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeBiofuelsen_US
dc.these.typeM.Techen_US
dc.titleStudies on compatibility of pine needle biooil as a ci engine fuelen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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