GENETIC STUDIES ON PANICLE, QUALITY AND YIELD TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

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dc.contributor.advisorDr. P. V. SATYANARAYANA
dc.contributor.authorJHANSI RANI, P
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-12T06:20:28Z
dc.date.available2017-10-12T06:20:28Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.descriptionD5191en_US
dc.description.abstractThe present investigation on “Genetic Studies on Panicle, Quality and Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was carried out at Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute & Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru from Kharif 2012 to Kharif 2013 to study the heterosis and combining ability involving 7 lines and 3 testers as parents and 21 F1s and to study six genetic components in two crosses for 23 panicle, yield and quality characters in rice. The 21 crosses generated in L x T mating design using seven lines viz., MTU 1071, MTU 1075, MTU 1081, MTU 1121, NRI 003, MTU II-118-24-4-1 and MTUPS-140-1 and three testers viz., MTU 1010, MTU 3626 and TN 1 were used to study heterosis and combining ability for 23 traits pertaining to panicle, quality and yield in rice. The estimates of heterosis and heterobeltiosis were variable among crosses in desirable direction. The highly heterotic cross combinations identified were MTU 1075 / MTU 1010 for earliness, number of grains primary branches-1, spikelet fertility percentage and grain yield panicle-1; MTU II-118-24-4-1 / TN1 for panicle length and 1000 grain weight; MTU 1075 / MTU 3626 for number of grains primary branches-1 and number of fertile grains panicle-1; MTU 1081 / MTU 3626 for number of grains secondary rachis branches-1, spikelet fertility percentage, 1000 grain weight kernel breadth and L/B ratio; NRI 003 / MTU 1010 for semi dwarfness, grain yield panicle-1 , grain yield plant-1; MTU-PS-140-1 / TN1 for kernel breadth and L/B ratio. The gca/sca variance indicated that all the characters were predominantly governed by non additive gene action except for days to 50% flowering, high density grain index, kernel length, L/B ratio, gel consistency and amylose content. The parents identified as good general combiners for early and short stature were MTU 1081 and MTU 1010. The parent MTU 1121 was the best general combiner for panicle length, number of grains primary rachis-1, spikelet fertility percentage, 1000 grain weight, grain yield panicle-1, grain yield per plant-1, kernel length and L/B ratio. The tester MTU 1010 was the best combiner for panicle length, number of grains primary rachis-1, number of fertile grains panicle-1, grain yield panicle-1, grain yield plant-1, kernel length and L/B ratio. Multiple crossing among these parents is suggested to pool the genes in improving rice grain quality in addition to grain yield. The best specific cross combinations identified in the present investigation were MTU 1081 / MTU 3626 for short stature and 1000 grain weight; MTU 1071 / MTU 1010 for number of ear bearing tillers plant-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield panicle-1 and grain yield plant-1; MTU II-118-24-4-1 / MTU 1010 for number of grains secondary rachis branches-1, number of fertile grains panicle-1 and spikelet fertility percentage; MTU-PS-140-1 / MTU 3626 for panicle length and number of fertile grains panicle-1. Generation mean analysis was carried out in two crosses viz., MTU 1075 / MTU 3626 and MTU 1121 / TN 1 to know about epistatic interactions. Significance of scaling tests indicated presence of epistatic interactions for all the traits under study. Though both additive and non additive gene actions were significant, non additive gene actions played predominant role in the inheritance of the traits. Majority of the characters were under the influence of duplicate epistasis besides additive type of gene effects for which biparental mating system or reciprocal recurrent selection may be employed to modify the genetic architecture of rice for getting good quality besides high grain yield. The special emphasis of the present study is about panicle traits pertaining to grain number and grain weight such as number of grains primary rachis branches-1, number of grains secondary rachis branches-1, number of fertile grains panicle-1, grain yield panicle-1, 1000 grain weight and grain yield plant-1. Studies on inheritance for these panicle traits revealed that, for number of grains primary rachis branches-1, number of fertile grains panicle-1 and 1000 grain weight, predominance of dominant gene action was observed. Dominance [h] gene effects and dominance x dominance [l] effects were in same direction indicating complementary epistasis. For number of grains secondary rachis branches-1, all the gene effects were positive, the magnitude of additive gene effects were predominant in MTU 1121 / TN 1 in which pedigree breeding will be rewarding for improvement of this trait and the magnitude of dominant gene effects were positive in the other cross in which selection in segregating generations will be ineffective. For grain yield panicle-1, both additive [d] gene effects and dominance x dominance [l] interaction were positive and significant but the magnitude of dominance x dominance interaction was high. For grain yield plant-1, both dominant gene effects and additive x additive interaction were positive and significant but the magnitude of additive x additive interaction was high. In case of MTU 1075 / MTU 3626, [h] and [l] components were in opposite direction which indicates duplicate epistasis and selection in early generation is ineffective for this trait. Complementary epistasis was observed in case of MTU 1121 / TN 1 as the sign of [h] and [l] were in same direction. Improvement of yield mainly depends upon the cross selected for improvement, for which only biparental mating in early generations followed by selection in advance generation would be more effective than direct selection in early segregating generations.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810032941
dc.keywordsPANICLE, QUALITY, YIELD, RICE, Oryza sativa L.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.pages153en_US
dc.publisherAcharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Gunturen_US
dc.research.problemGENETIC STUDIES ON PANICLE, QUALITY AND YIELD TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)en_US
dc.subGenetics and Plant Breedingen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeGENETIC STUDIES ON PANICLE, QUALITY AND YIELD TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)en_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleGENETIC STUDIES ON PANICLE, QUALITY AND YIELD TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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