Cytological and Histopathological Studies on Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Neoplastic Masses of Dog (Canis familiaris) in Jaipur District
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Date
2020
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Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Abstract
Today, the worldwide tendency is to look for rapid and reasonable method of
tumour diagnosis. Cytology is a quick, inexpensive, less painful and easily
repeatable technique for tumour diagnosis. The study work was conducted at
Department of Veterinary Pathology, PGIVER, Jaipur, Rajasthan, from August 2020
to February 2021, to find the incidence, gross morphology, evaluate cytological
features and histopathological changes of cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplastic
masses of dog. In the present study tumours diagnosed by cytological and
histopathological techniques. For cytological diagnosis, FNAC and impression
smear were used for palpable and non-palpable tumour masses. A total of 58
samples were collected from different breeds of dogs. Out of 58 cases,
predominantly Epithelial cell tumour (25.86%), followed by Mesenchymal cell
tumour (22.41%), Round cell tumour (13.79%) and Other types (32.76%) were
recorded. In epithelial cell tumours, highest incidence of 33.33% was squamous cell
carcinoma. Among mesenchymal cell tumour, the higher incidence recorded for
fibrosarcoma at 23.08%. In round cell tumour 50% incidence were recorded of each,
canine transmissible venereal tumour and mast cell tumour while in ‘other’ types
higher incidence recorded for mammary gland tumours in highest number as
86.36%. Highest risk to development of various tumours observed at the age group
of 9-12 years (37.93%). Regarding gender studied, higher number of tumours
recorded in female dog (62.07%) than in male dog (37.93%). In male dog, malignant
Abstract 78
tumours were 20.69% and benign neoplasm 17.24%, whereas in female, malignant
tumours were 62.07% and benign 27.59%. On breed-wise assessment, study
revealed that non-descript or mongrel breed were having highest incidence of
tumour (31.03%). However, second most common predisposed breed was Labrador
retriever (24.14%). Furthermore, the diagnostic accuracy of cytology for the
differentiation between malignant and benign canine tumours was concluded to be
high. Most of findings were similar to other studies, however many differences have
also been noted which are likely to be under the influence of nutritional status, breed
variation, stress factor, management practices, hormonal changes, geographical and
climatic variations and even lack of implementation of proper preventive and control
measure. This report may open the way up for using cytology much more as a
reliable and useful diagnostic procedure for evaluation of tumour masses in small
animal practice.