Genetic Analysis For Quantitative Traits In Cowpea [Vigna UNGUICULATA (L.)]
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Date
2012
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Genetic analysis for quantitative traits in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]” was carried out at Pulses Improvement Project, M.P.K.V., Rahuri (M.S.) during Kharif, 2011, to study the extent of genetic variability and diversity for seed yield and its components in cowpea. The experiment was conducted with 50 diverse genotypes of cowpea received from Pulses Improvement Project, M.P.K.V., Rahuri. The field trials were grown in randomized block design with two replications. The genotypes were evaluated for ten characters to study extent of genetic variability and diversity for seed yield viz., days to 50 % flowering (no.), days to maturity (no.), plant height at maturity (cm), number of branches per plant, pod length (cm), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g) and protein content (%) were evaluated. Appreciable amount of variability was observed for all the characters. The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient were highest for plant height (cm) and least for days to maturity indicating presence of good amount of variability. High heritability with high genetic advance indicating additive gene action was observed for traits viz., plant height at maturity (cm),days to 50 % flowering (no.), days to maturity, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant. The seed yield per plant showed highly significant and positive association with almost all characters except days to maturity and protein content. In D2 analysis for seed yield, fifty genotypes were grouped into 14 clusters. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster-IV and cluster-XIV (D = 16.80) and maximum intra cluster distance was observed for cluster-II (D=7.34). The variance of cluster means revealed that among ten characters evaluated for seed yield, the character plant height at maturity (33.47%), 100 seed weight (g) (21.55 %), protein content (18.20%) and days to 50% flowering made the maximum contribution to divergence. Considering inter cluster genetic distance, cluster means and per se performance diverse set of parents were identified for seed yield improvement.
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