Line × tester analysis for fruit yield and component traits in okra (Abelmsochus esculentus (L.) Moench)
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Date
2022-10-25
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CSK HPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Line × tester analysis for fruit yield and component
traits in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm of
the Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK HPKV Palampur with the objective
of gathering information on heterosis, combining ability and gene action by using line × tester
mating design involving nine lines and three testers. Lines, testers, their 27 cross-combinations,
along with standard check 1 ‘Samrat’ and standard check 2 ‘Shakti’ were evaluated in
Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during Summer season 2020 (E1),
Summer season 2021 (E2) and Rainy season 2021 (E3). The data were recorded on different
phenological and structural traits, fruit yield and yield attributing traits, quality traits and disease
incidence of Cercospora leaf spot. Sufficient genetic variability was recorded for all the traits in
three environments. Significant genotype × environment interactions were recorded for all the
characters indicated role of environment on the performance of genotypes and cross-combinations.
The analysis of variance for line × tester design revealed significant differences due to females,
males and female × male interaction for most of the traits in three environments and under pooled
over environments indicating substantial diversity in the experimental material. A large variation
in magnitude and direction of heterosis was observed for most of the traits studied. Hybrids
‘Palam Round × Hisar Unnat’, ‘Kashi Vibhuti × Hisar Unnat’, ‘VRO-4 × Hisar Unnat’ and Palam
5 ridged × Hisar Unnat’ were the most promising crosses exhibited significant desirable standard
heterosis for fruit yield and related traits and displayed maximum reliability by retaining their
ranking among top five crosses over the environments. Lines ‘Palam Round’, ‘Kashi Vibhuti’ and
‘VRO-4’, and tester ‘Hisar Unnat’ were recorded good general combiners for fruit yield per plant
and related traits. ‘Palam Round × Hisar Unnat’, ‘Kashi Vibhuti × Hisar Unnat’, ‘9801 × P-8’,
‘Kashi Pragati × Palam Komal’ and ‘HPO-1 × P-8’ were the most promising cross-combinations
on the basis of SCA effects for yield and component traits. The dominant component of variance
was higher than additive component for most of the traits, indicated the preponderance of
non-additive gene action. Based on per se performance, SCA effects and standard heterosis
‘Palam Round × Hisar Unnat’ and ‘Kashi Vibhuti × Hisar Unnat’ were the most promising cross
-combinations for developing superior progenies. These cross-combinations had good amount of
mucilage, ascorbic acid, produced green colour fruits with downy pubescence. Palam Round
× Hisar Unnat was ridgeless, resistant to Cercospora abelmoschi and highly resistant to
Cercospora malayensis whereas Kashi Vibhuti × Hisar Unnat had five ridges per fruit and
resistant to both species of Cercospora leaf spot. These cross-combinations can be released as
hybrids after further field testing and their exploitation in future breeding programmes. Single
seed descent method, recurrent selection and bulk method can be the best breeding strategy to
obtain maximum number of transgressive segregants with high fruit yield.