STUDIES ON DIVERSITY, HETEROSIS AND COIVIBINING ABILITY IN BITTER GOURD (Momordica charantia L.)
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Date
2007-01-04
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University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the magnitude of heterosis and combining ability in
the diallel cross material involving 28 hybrids, eight parents and one commercial check
(MBTH-101) in bitter gourd during 2004-05 at Botany Garden, Department of Genetics and
Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. Genetic diversity of the
genotypes was also assessed and an attempt was made to study the relationship between
diversity and heterosis. The analysis of variance indicated significant amount of variability
among the genotypes for all the 16 traits studied. Significant and standard heterosis in
desirable direction was recorded by three crosses for yield per vine. The present study
revealed the direct relationship between sea effects, heterosis and per se performance of
hybrids for several characters. Among the hybrids studied Gadag local x Pusa visheh, Gadag
local X Coimbatore green long and Gadag local x IC-68310 were found to be the best cross
combinations for yield per vine and its components. Analysis of combining variance
revealed that both GCA and SCA variances were significant for 15 of the 16
characters, Thus indicating the importance of both additivity and nonadditivity
in the inheritance of these 15 characters. Evaluation of parents over all
the 16 traits studied indicated Gadag local, Pusa visheh, Coimbatore green long and lC-68310
to be the good general combiners. Similarly evaluation of hybrids over all the 16 traits
revealed Gadag local x Pusa visheh, Gadag local x Coimbatore green long, Pusa visheh x IC-
85614, Coimbatore green long x PRD-2, Gadag local x IC-68310, PRD-5 x PRD-2,
Coimbatore green long x White long to be the best specific combinations. On the basis of
organoleptic evaluation, parents Coimbatore green long and Gadag local
were strongly bitter while among hybrids Gadag local x IC-68310 and Gadag
local X Coimbatore green long among hybrids were strongly bitter. It is
proposed to evaluate the hybrids Gadag local x Coimbatore green long,
Gadag local x Pusa visheh and Gadag local x IC-68310 over locations and
seasons to confirm their potentiality for exploitation of heterosis in bitter
gourd.
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