Incidence of major insect-pests, genotypes evaluation and management of pod borer complex in pigeonpea
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Date
2020
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
Experiment on “Incidence of major insect-pests, genotypes evaluation and management of pod borer complex in pigeonpea” was conducted during kharif, 2019. Four pigeonpea genotypes (PAU 881, AL 1747, Paras and UPAS 120) were sown to study incidence of Helicoverpa armigera, Maruca vitrata, Clavigralla gibbosa and Empoasca kerri. Incidence of H. armigera commenced in 37th Standard Meteorological Week (SMW), remained upto 48th SMW, reached it’s peak in 44th SMW and population ranged from 0.05 to 0.45 larvae per plant. Web formation by M. vitrata and larvae started to appear from 37th SMW and persisted upto 43rd SMW. Peak of M. vitrata larvae was in 39th SMW (in Paras) and 40th SMW (AL 1747, UPAS 120 and PAU 881). Number of webs, larvae of M. vitrata ranged from 0.94 to1.23 webs per plant and 0.05-0.90 larvae per plant, respectively. Clavigralla gibbosa (Nymph and adult) incidence started from 36th SMW and continued upto 47th SMW. Adults of C. gibbosa attained peak in 40th SMW in all genotypes (in AL 1747: 39th SMW). Population varied from 0.08-0.20 nymph/plant and 0.20-3.69 adult/plant during period of study. M. obtusa persisted from 41st SMW to 48th SMW and reached it’s peak in 45th SMW. Empoasca kerri nymphs persisted from 29th SMW to 43rd SMW (AL 1747: 44th SMW) with peak in 33rd SMW. Pod damage (%) by M. vitrata, H. armigera, C. gibbosa and M. obtusa was reported as 2.10, 4.03, 25.16 and 2.31%, respectively. Grain yield of different genotypes ranged from 775-1200 kg/ha. Significant and negative correlation was found between H. armigera and minimum temperature, evening relative humidity, average relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall. Nymphal population of C. gibbosa exhibited significant and negative correlation with temperature, wind speed, while adults showed significant and negative correlation with relative humidity (Eve. and Avg.). E. kerri population exhibited significant and positive correlation with temperature (minimum and maximum), however, M. obtusa population showed significant and negative correlation with temperature, relative humidity (avg. and eve.) and wind speed. Genotypes evaluation studies showed minimum pod damage in AH 9-18 (for M. vitrata, H. armigera and M. obtusa), AH 16-02, B-17200, H 00-15 (for H. armigera). Grain yield ranged from 777.78 kg/ha (Paras) to 1859.26 kg/ha (AH 9-18). Evaluation of insecticides against pod borer complex indicated spinosad 45 SC as most effective against M. vitrata, H. armigera and M. obtusa. Spinosad 45 SC was found at par with indoxacarb 14.5 SC (M. vitrata and H. armigera), chlorantraniliprole 9.3 + lambda-cyhalothrin 4.6% ZC, lambda-cyhalothrin 5 EC, emamectin benzoate 5 SG and deltamtherin 2.8 EC (H. armigera) and azadirachtin 0.03% (M. obtusa). Maximum grain yield was obtained in spinosad 45 SC (919.26 kg/ha) sprayed plot.