GENETIC BASIS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS FOR CROP IMPROVEMENT IN Sesamum indicum L.

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dc.contributor.advisorDr. V. SATYANARAYANA RAO
dc.contributor.authorRAMANA, J.V.
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-12T06:27:55Z
dc.date.available2017-10-12T06:27:55Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.descriptionD5194en_US
dc.description.abstractThe study was undertaken with an objective to study the inheritance and nature of gene action underlying the seed yield and oil content besides understanding the diversity among the collected genotypes, variability, heterosis and inbreeding depression in the attempted crosses in sesame. Thirty six genotypes of sesame were evaluated for nine characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches/plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight, oil content and seed yield per plant to estimate divergence (morphological and molecular), correlation coefficients, heritability genetic advance and path coefficients along with selection of parents for hybridization, utilizing selected genotypes in five parameter model for generation mean analysis, heterosis and inbreeding depression from the seasons viz., rabi 2010, kharif 2011, rabi 2011, kharif 2012 and rabi 2012 at Agricultural Research Station, Yallamanchili, Andhra Pradesh and Agricultural College farm, Bapatla. . Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the thirty six genotypes for all the characters studied indicating that the data generated from the above diverse material will yield reliable genetic information. The genetic variability studies revealed that the material used in present investigation possessed variability which provides scope for selection by breeder. Moderate to low coefficients of variability was observed for most of the traits indicating moderate variability. The estimates of high heritability and moderate genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for the traits number of primary branches/plant, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant. The correlation analysis revealed that the genotypic correlations were, in general higher than the phenotypic correlations and thus suggested that the observed relationships among the characters were due to genetic factors. The trait, seed yield per plant had highly significant positive association with number capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule and 1000 seed weight indicating the importance of these traits in improving the seed yield per plant while oil content was negatively associated with seed yield per plant indicating higher the yield lesser will be the oil content. Considering the nature and magnitude of character association and their direct and indirect effects, it can be inferred that simultaneous improvement of seed yield per plant is possible through manifestation of number of primary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule and 1000-seed weight. In diversity analysis, the per cent contribution towards genetic divergence was maximum by the trait, number of primary branches per plant. The thirty six genotypes were grouped into seven clusters using Tocher’s method and the distribution of thirty six genotypes into seven clusters was at random with maximum number of genotypes in cluster I (12 genotypes). The maximum intra cluster distance was observed in the cluster IV and the inter cluster distance was the highest between clusters V and VI indicating wide genetic diversity between the clusters and crosses can be attempted between the genotypes of these clusters to obtain desirable transgressive segregants. Higher cluster mean values for number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per capsule, days to maturity and plant height were observed in cluster V while cluster VI recorded minimum number of days to 50% flowering and highest seed weight and seed yield per plant indicating the importance of this cluster in breeding programmes to generate early maturity types with increased seed yield through seed weight. The first four principle components with Eigen values more than one contributed 79.42% towards the total variability. The thirty six genotypes were grouped into seven clusters by using agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. Among the clusters, cluster I was the largest containing ten genotypes followed by clusters II and VI with seven genotypes each. The intra cluster euclidean square distance was the highest in cluster I while the inter cluster euclidean square distance was maximum between clusters II and VII. The cluster mean data indicated that the cluster V is useful for generating early maturing types with high seed yield per plant through 1000 seed weight while cluster VI is helpful for increased seeds per capsule and oil content. The results of generation mean analysis of various seed yield and yield components of ten crosses showed very less variability in the material for most of the characters in terms of mean values. The results of C and / or D scaling tests were significant for all the crosses indicating the presence of epistatic interactions in all the crosses for all the traits. Complementary epistasis for yield and oil content was observed in the crosses YLM 89 x YLM 92 and YLM 95 x YLM 92 while, duplicate type of epistasis was noticed in the crosses YLM 93 x YLM 92, YLM 90 x YLM 100 and YLM 95 x YLM 100. Desirable heterosis for plant height and days to maturity (negative), seed yield per plant (positive) was recorded in the crosses YLM 89 x YLM 100 and YLM 90 x YLM 100 while most of the traits in most of the crosses showed inbreeding depression.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810032945
dc.keywordsYIELD, COMPONENTS, CROP, Sesamum indicum L.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.pages187en_US
dc.publisherAcharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Gunturen_US
dc.research.problemGENETIC BASIS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS FOR CROP IMPROVEMENT IN Sesamum indicum L.en_US
dc.subGenetics and Plant Breedingen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeGENETIC BASIS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS FOR CROP IMPROVEMENT IN Sesamum indicum L.en_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleGENETIC BASIS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS FOR CROP IMPROVEMENT IN Sesamum indicum L.en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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