Oral nanoparticulate curcumin combating arsenic-induced oxidative damage in kidney and brain of rats
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Date
2013
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Abstract
Arsenic exposure through drinking water causes oxidative stress and tissue damage in the kidney and brain.
Curcumin (CUR) is a good antioxidant with limited clinical application because of its hydrophobic nature and
limited bioavailability, which can be overcome by the encapsulation of CUR with nanoparticles (NPs). The
present study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of free CUR and NP-encapsulated CUR (CUR-NP) against
sodium arsenite-induced renal and neuronal oxidative damage in rat. The CUR-NP prepared by emulsion tech-
nique and particle size ranged between 120 and 140 nm, with the mean particle size being 130.8 nm. Rats were
divided into five groups (groups 1–5) with six animals in each group. Group 1 served as control. Group 2 rats
were exposed to sodium arsenite (25 ppm) daily through drinking water for 42 days. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were
treated with arsenic as in Group 2; however, these animals were also administered with empty NPs, CUR (100
mg/kg body weight), and CUR-NP (100 mg/kg), respectively, by oral gavage during the last 14 days of arsenic
exposure. Arsenic exposure significantly increased serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. Arsenic
increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione content and the activities of superoxide dismutase,
catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were depleted significantly in both kidney and brain.
Treatment with free CUR and CUR-NP decreased the LPO and increased the enzymatic and nonenzymatic
antioxidant system in kidney and brain. Histopathological examination showed that kidney and brain injury
mediated by arsenic was ameliorated by treatment. However, the amelioration percentage indicates that
CUR-NP had marked therapeutic effect on arsenic-induced oxidative damage in kidney and brain tissues.
Description
TNV_TIH_2013_1-12
Keywords
Veterinary Science