EFFECT OF CROP ESTABLISHMENT METHODS AND FOLIAR NUTRITION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF LENTIL (Lens culinaris Medikus) UNDER RICE FALLOW OF EASTERN INDIA
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Date
2019
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.)
Abstract
In order to find out suitable crop establishment method and effect of seed priming and foliar nutrition on productivity, quality, profitability and energy requirement of lentil cultivation in rice-fallows of Eastern India, an experiment entitled “Effect of crop establishment method and foliar nutrition on productivity of lentil under rice fallow of Eastern India” was carried out during rabi season of 2018-19 at ICAR- RCER, Patna. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam with neutral in reaction (pH 7.5) having low nitrogen (100.35 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (11.35 kg ha-1) and medium in potassium (192.41 kg ha-1). The climate of the region was humid sub-tropic. The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design with three replications having three crop establishment methods as main plot treatment and six seed priming and foliar nutrition as sub plot treatment. The three Crop establishment methods were utera, zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT). The six seed priming (SP) and foliar nutrition (FS) treatment were control, seed priming + foliar spray of 2% urea at flowering and pod formation (SP+ 2 % FSU at F + PF), seed priming + foliar spray of 2% DAP at flowering and pot formation(SP+2% FSD at F+ PF), seed priming + foliar spray of 2% KNO3 at flowering and pod formation (SP+0.5% FSK at F + PF), seed priming + foliar spray of 0.5% 19:19:19 N P K at flowering and pod formation (SP+ 0.5% FS NPK at F + PF), seed priming + microbial treatment + foliar spray of 2% urea at branching + foliar spray of 2% DAP at flowering + foliar spray of 0.5% KNO3 at pod (SP+ MT+ 2%FSU at B + 2% FSD at F + 0.5% FSK at PF). Lentil variety HUL-57 was used as test crop.
Among the three establishment methods, conventional tillage produced the highest seed (24.93 q ha-1), protein yield (582.13 kg ha-1) and stover yield (33.07 q ha-1). Whereas ZT produced the highest harvest index (44.5 %). The increase in seed yield mainly due to higher dry matter accumulation, number of pods plant-1, pod weight plant-1, seeds pod-1and seed weight plant-1. The root volume, dry weight and number of effective nodules at all growth stages were found higher under CT method of establishment. While, ZT witnessed the highest root length. Moreover, the comparable performance of ZT and utera was observed for seed yield. The highest gross and net return and energy output: input ratio have been observed under utera method of establishment. Initial soil moisture was the highest in utera method of establishment, which was followed by CT and ZT. While final soil moisture was highest in ZT followed by utera and CT. The study of weed density revealed that the highest weed density was observed under ZT (41 %) followed by CT (37%) and utera (22%) respectively.
Foliar nutrition along with seed priming gave considerable effect on growth attributes, yield components and yield of the crop. The treatment of seed priming + microbial treatment + 2% urea at branching + 2% DAP at flowering + 0.5% KNO3 at pod formation stages gave higher seed yield, stover yield and protein yield along with higher harvest index and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. The increased in seed yield attributed to significant increase in seed weight and number of pods plant-1. The highest gross as well as net return was observed under above treatment. The treatment comprising seed priming along with foliar spray by NPK had higher energy output: input ratio.
The interaction effect of crop establishment method with seed priming and foliar nutrition indicated that seed priming + microbial treatment with rhizobium leguminosarum, PSB and Trichoderma viridae + foliar spray of 2% urea at branching, 2% DAP at flowering and 0.5% KNO3 at pod formation stages may be adopted to obtain comparable performance under either method (utera/zero tillage/conventional tillage) of crop establishment.
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