“STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENTS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF ORNAMENTAL TREES (Cassia fistula L., Delonix regia Raf., Cassia nodosa L., Bauhinia purpurea L.)”
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Date
2021-12-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
COLLEHE OF HORITCULTURE, MOJERLA
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “studies on the effect of different
methods of pre-sowing treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of
ornamental flowering trees (Cassia fistula L., Delonix regia Raf., Cassia nodosa
L., Bauhinia purpurea L.)” was carried out during the rabi season of the year
2018-19 at the College of Horticulture, Mojerla, Wanaparthy (Dist.)
In experiment 1: Effect of pre-sowing physical treatments on seed
germination and seedling growth of ornamental trees
The results related to the germination parameters in Cassia fistula
revealed that, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for
initiation of germination (3.33), number of days taken for 50 percent of
germination (5.15), no of days for 100 % germination (6.81), scarification (T1)
(77.30) recorded maximum germination percentage, however hot water treatment
Name of the author : ASMA AFREEN
Title of the thesis : “STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT
METHODS OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENTS
ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING
GROWTH OF ORNAMENTAL FLOWERING
TREES (Cassia fistula L., Delonix regia Raf.,
Cassia nodosa L., Bauhinia purpurea L.)”
Degree : MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HORTICULTURE
Faculty : HORTICULTURE
Major Field : FLORICULTURE AND LANDSCAPE
ARCHITECTURE
Major Advisor : Dr. P. PRASANTH
Senior. Scientist (Hort.) &Head
Floriculture Research Station, Rajendranagar,
Hyderabad, 500030.
University : SRI KONDA LAXMAN TELANGANASTATE
HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Year of submission : 2021
(T4) for peak value (10.51) and germination value (26.92). The results pertaining
to growth parameters in Cassia fistula, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the
maximum no. of compound leaves per plant for 30, 60, 90 DAS (13.00, 21.00,
32.00), shoot length of the seedling per plant (8.00, 16.00, 19.00 cm), root length
registered maximum in T1- Scarification (26.00, 30.67, 36.00 cm), however hot
water treatment (T4) for no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (4.67, 9.00, 11.00),
seedling vigour index was registered maximum in T1 - Scarification (2602.69,
3555.80, 4176.20), hot water treatment (T4) in survival percentage (85.00), collar
diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.96, 5.81, 5.88 mm).
The results related to the germination parameters in Delonix regia
revealed that, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for
initiation of germination (4.67), number of days taken for 50 per cent of
germination (6.59), no. of days for 100 % germination (9.28) and maximum
germination percentage (83.17), peak value (8.18), germination value (22.67). In
respect of growth parameters in Delonix regia, hot water treatment (T4) recorded
the maximum no.of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (18.37 , 20.01,
20.35), shoot length of the seedling per plant (14.33, 15.67, 17.33), root length
(17.00, 22.00, 27.00) was T1- Scarification, no. of branches / bipinnate leaves
(4.10, 5.10, 6.00), seedling vigour index (2339.65, 3509.88, 3509.88), However,
survival percentage at 90 DAS (94.00) and collar diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS
(2.70, 4.20, 5.00 mm) was recorded.
The results of germination parameters in Cassia nodosa revealed that, hot
water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for initiation of germination
(5.67), number of days taken for 50 per cent of germination (6.83), no. of days
for 100 per cent germination (9.37). Where as, the germination percentage
(77.33) T1- Scarification, treatment (T4) along with peak value (7.08) and
germination value (17.25). The result related to growth parameters in Cassia
nodosa, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the maximum no of compound leaves
per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.83 , 9.33 , 9.50), shoot length of the seedling per
plant (17.00, 20.00, 22.00), root length (16.00, 20.67, 26.00) T1- Scarification,
no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.83, 9.33, 9.50), seedling vigour index
(2542.57, 2996.67, 3670.53), survival percentage 90 DAS (80.00) and collar
diameter (2.29, 2.35, 2.54 mm) respectively.
Germination parameters of Bauhinia purpurea differed significantly with
physical treatments, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the lowest days taken for
initiation of germination (6.33), number of days taken for 50 percent of
germination (8.33), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (9.95). Where as,
scarification (T1) germination percentage (77.60), hot water treatment (T4) for
peak value (7.20) and germination value (17.90) were recorded maximum in T4-
hot water treated seeds. The result related to growth parameters in Bauhinia
purpurea, hot water treatment (T4) recorded the highest no. of compound leaves
per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (5.33 , 9.67, 14.83), shoot length of the seedling per
plant (14.50, 18.67, 24.67 cm), root length (21.33, 26.33, 31.67 cm), no. of
branches / bipinnate leaves (4.67, 9.89, 14.28), seedling vigour index (2707.36,
3452.01, 4238.41) was T1- Scarification, survival percentage at 90 DAS (71.00)
and collar diameter (3.33, 3.50, 4.06 mm) respectively.
In experiment 2: Effect of pre-sowing chemical treatments on seed
germination and seedling growth of ornamental trees
The results recorded in respect of germination parameters in Cassia fistula
T3-20% H2SO4 recorded the lowest days taken for initiation of germination
(5.33), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (11.65), no. of days
for 100 per cent germination (40.14), and maximum germination percentage
(81.43), peak value (5.25) and germination value (14.64). The result related to
growth parameters in Cassia fistula, T3 -20% H2SO4 recorded the maximum no.
of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (10.00, 20.00, 25.00), shoot
height of the seedling per plant(6.33 , 13.57 , 19.33 cm), root length (17.22 ,
22.56 , 28.67 cm), no of branches / bipinnate leaves (7.00, 8.00, 9.00), seedling
vigour index (1917.68, 2942.07 , 3908.64), where as, survival percentage T6-20%
HCl at 90 DAS (86.00) and collar diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.29 , 5.07 , 5.09
mm) for T3-20% H2SO4.
In Delonix regia T3-20 % H2SO4 recorded the least days taken for
initiation of germination (11.67), number of days taken for 50 percent of
germination (11.55), no of days for 100 per cent germination (40.14) and
maximum germination percentage (83.83), peak value (4.42), germination value
(14.74). The result related to growth parameters in Delonix regia, T3-20% H2SO4
recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS
(14.33, 15.20, 41.67), shoot height of the seedling per plant (12.33, 16.33, 19.67
cm), root length (13.67, 18.67, 22.67 cm), no of branches / bipinnate leaves for
30, 60, 90 DAS (4.67, 6.00, 7.00), seedling vigour index (2179.58, 2934.05,
3549.36), survival percentage T3-20% H2SO4 for 90 DAS (89.00) and collar
diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.50 , 2.70 , 2.80 mm).
In Cassia nodosa T3-20% H2SO4 recorded the least days taken for
initiation of germination (8.00), number of days taken for 50 percent of
germination (8.39), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (11.33), germination
percentage (67.03), peak value (5.37), germination value (12.57). The result
related to growth parameters in Cassia nodosa, T3-20% H2SO4 recorded
maximum no. of compound leaves per plant T3-20% H2SO4 at 30, 60, 90 DAS
(8.00, 8.00, 8.67), shoot length of the seedling per plant (12.33 , 20.67 , 29.00
cm), root length (18.00 , 22.67 , 28.00), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.00,
8.00, 8.67), seedling vigour index for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2033.02 , 2905.08,
3820.71), survival percentage at 90 DAS (79.00) and collar diameter for 30, 60,
90 DAS (2.03 , 2.15, 2.29 mm).
The results related to the germination parameters in Bauhinia purpurea T3
-20% H2SO4 recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (14.33),
number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (16.20), no. of days for 100
per cent germination (18.03) and maximum germination percentage (63.10), peak
value (3.22), germination value (7.36). The result related to growth parameters in
Bauhinia purpurea, T3-20% H2SO4 recorded the maximum no. of compound
leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.00, 10.67, 12.33), shoot length of the
seedling per plant (13.67 , 20.67 , 25.00 cm), root length (12.67, 17.67 , 23.00
cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.00, 10.67, 12.33), seedling vigour
index (1662.05 , 2419.25, 3028.80), survival percentage at 90 DAS (73.00) and
collar diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.75 , 2.8 , 2.85 mm).
In experiment 3: Effect of pre-sowing growth stimulant treatments on
seed germination and seedling growth of ornamental trees.
The results related to the germination parameters in Cassia fistula T3- GA3
750 ppm treatment recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination
(12.00), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (13.42), no. of days
for 100 per cent germination (14.82), germination percentage (63.10) and
maximum peak value (4.55), germination value (7.79). The result related to
growth parameters in Cassia fistula T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded maximum no.of
compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (15.00, 27.00, 34.00), shoot height
of the seedling per plant (9.47, 14.00, 22.67 cm), root length (37.00, 42.67, 48.00
cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (9.00, 8.00, 8.33), seedling vigour index
for 30, 60, 90 DAS (2932.26, 3575.88, 4459.28), survival percentage for 30, 60,
90 DAS (86.5, 86.4, 86) and collar diameterfor 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.29, 5.08, 5.09
mm).
In Delonix regia T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the least days taken for
initiation of germination (6.50), number of days taken for 50 percent of
germination (8.25), no. of days for 100 per cent germination (11.33), germination
percentage (95.07) and maximum peak value (7.72), germination value (23.99).
The result related to growth parameters in Delonix regia T3- GA3 750 ppm
recorded the maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS
(14.67, 23.00, 31.67), shoot height of the seedling per plant (13.67, 18.00, 21.00),
root length for (22.67, 27.33, 32.67), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (6.00,
7.00, 11.00), seedling vigour index (3454.84, 4309.52, 5102.41), survival
percentage at 90 DAS (99.00) and collar diameter at 30, 60, 90 DAS (2.70, 2.75,
2.80).
The results related to the germination parameters in Cassia nodosa T3-
GA3 750ppm recorded the least days taken for initiation of germination (10.00),
number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (11.83), no. of days for 100
per cent germination (13.48) and maximum germination percentage (74.10), peak
value(5.54), germination value (13.44). The result related to growth parameters
in Cassia nodosa, T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the maximum no. of compound
leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.33, 8.67, 9.00), shoot length of the seedling
per plant (17.00, 23.00, 32.33 cm), root length (21.33, 25.67, 31.00 cm), no. of
branches / bipinnate leaves (8.33, 8.67, 9.00), seedling vigour index (2840.25,
3606.45, 4692.75), survival percentage at 90 DAS (80.00) and collar diameter for
30, 60, 90 DAS (2.13, 2.20, 2.30 mm).
The results recorded in respect to germination parameters in Bauhinia
purpurea T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the least days taken for initiation of
germination (7.43), number of days taken for 50 percent of germination (8.64),
no of days for 100 per cent germination (9.74), germination percentage (70.10),
peak value (7.17) and maximum germination value (16.55). The result related to
growth parameters in Bauhinia purpurea, T3- GA3 750 ppm recorded the
maximum no. of compound leaves per plant at 30, 60, 90 DAS (8.33, 12.17,
12.67), shoot length of the seedling per plant (24.67, 25.67, 35.67 cm), root
length (21.00, 26.00, 31.00 cm), no. of branches / bipinnate leaves (8.33, 12.17,
12.67), seedling vigour index (3201.47, 3622.07, 4673.57), survival percentage at
90 DAS (77.00) and collar diameter for 30, 60, 90 DAS (3.30, 3.35, 3.40 mm)