DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) INTERVENTIONS AGAINST MULBERRY LEAF ROLLER, Diaphania pulverulentalis (HAMPSON) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
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Date
2015-09-08
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
An integrated pest management package was standardized under laboratory
condition and tested in farmers’ fields against mulberry leaf roller, Diaphania
pulverulentalis (Hampson), a major defoliating pest of mulberry in tropical parts of the
country. NSKE (4 %) was significantly superior to five other neem formulations against
larvae of D. pulverulentalis under laboratory conditions. LT50 values for D.
pulverulentalis larvae treated with different concentrations of NSKE (i.e., 0.5, 1.0, 2.0,
4.0 and 8.0 %) were significantly different, ranging between 1.06 to 5.27 days. NSKE at
1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 percent had maximum adverse effect on D. pulverulentalis
development and survival, with minimum LC50 value (946.38 ppm). Laboratory bioassay
proved that feeding silkworm with NSKE (4 %) treated leaves on 22nd days after spray
was safest by recording lowest silkworm mortality (2.11 %), without affecting economic
parameters of silkworm. The egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis recorded higher
parasitization on one-day-old eggs of D. pulverulentalis (90.84±1.18 %), compared to
two (90.00±0.00 %) and three-day-old eggs (72.50±5.90 %), while, pupal parasitoids,
Tetrastichus howardii and Nesolynx thymus showed 86.67 and 13.33 percent
parasitization, respectively on pre-pupae of D. pulverulentalis. Similar trend was also
observed even on pupae. However, T. chilonis was more efficient than the pupal
parasitoids. The LC50 of DpNPV for D. pulverulentalis was 0.591 ppm, while the LT50
was 3.04 days when caterpillars were fed with mulberry leaf treated with highest DpNPV
load of 27.65×105 PIBs/ml, besides registering maximum mortality during fifth instar,
prolonged early larval and moulting periods and hindering completion of fourth moult.
The IPM module (4 % NSKE spray at 15 to 20 days after pruning (DAP) + DpNPV @
27.65×105 PIBs/ml at 25 to 30 DAP + release of T. chilonis @ 1 lakh/acre at 45 to 50
DAP) recorded significantly lower pest infestation of 11.55 per cent compared to
chemical control (19.04 %), at 65 DAT, besides registering higher cost-benefit ratio
(1:7.14) than chemical control (1:4.70). Feeding the mulberry leaves from IPM treated
plots had no negative impact on growth and productivity of silkworm (PM×CSR2) thus
proving silkworm-friendly and cost- effective nature of IPM.
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