ASSESSMENT OF WELL WATER QUALITY AND SOIL AS INFLUENCED BY CANAL WATER SEEPAGE ALONG THE SIDES OF MULA LEFT BANK CANAL IN RAHURI TAHSIL
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Date
2007
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
An investigation entitled “Assessment of well water
quality and soil as influenced by canal water seepage along the
sides of Mula left bank canal in Rahuri tahsil” was carried out
during the year 2005-06. One hundred samples each of well
water and soil were collected for water and soil quality appraisal
on 10 different sites on canal at 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 m
distance away from canal on both sides. Ten canal water
samples were collected at each site for quality appraisal. The
water samples were analysed for various water quality
parameters viz., pH, EC, cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+), anions
(CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-), boron and nitrate. The water samples
were alkaline in nature with dominance of sodium and sulphates. Majority of the well waters were in very high and high
salinity class, indicating that the waters were moderately
suitable for irrigation with good drainage and management
practices. From the constituents analysed the derived
parameters like SSP, SAR and RSC were estimated.
The average values of pH, EC and SARiw were 8.33,
1.88 dSm-1 and 7.08, respectively. The RSC values of the well
water samples were ranging from nil to 1 me L-1. The total cation
concentration was in the order of Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+.
According to criteria for the suitability of irrigation water,
classes were of following order : C3S1 > C4S1 > C2S1. The average
boron and nitrate concentration noticed in water samples was
under permissible limit i.e. 0.75 and 1.78 me L-1, respectively.
The soil saturation extract was prepared by following
standard methods and analysed for different salinity appraisal
parameters. The average values of pHe, ECe and SAR were 8.33,
1.43 dSm-1 and 6.30, respectively. Only 23 per cent samples
were under normal class while most of the soils were categorized
under slight (32) and moderately (45) saline class, indicating
that the soils are getting problematic. The relative proportion of
cations was in the following order Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+, while
anions in the order of SO42- > Cl- > HCO3- > CO32-. The
concentration of Boron in majority soils (81) was in safe limits
while the nitrate concentration was increased to certain extent.The soil and water samples were also collected to
simulate the effect of distance of well and soil from canal on its
chemical properties. There was decrease in pH, EC (2.35 to 1.42
dSm-1), total cations (28.46 to 20.23 meL-1) and anions (28.36 to
20.76 meL-1), boron and nitrate concentration and slight
decrease in SAR, SSP of well water at the distance of 100, 200,
300, 400 and 500 m away from the canal. Similar decrease was
also observed in soil samples near by the same wells. The
decrease in Ece (4.57 to 2.24 dSm-1), total cations (24.31 to
16.93 meL-1), total anions (24.76 to 17.49 meL-1), boron and
nitrate was also observed for the soil samples at the distance of
100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 m away from the canal.
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