BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF RESISTANCE TO STEM BORER (Chilo partellus) IN MAIZE
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Date
2010-07-10
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
At present the world production of maize is 638.04 million tonnes
grown in an area of about 140 million hectares. India ranks eighth in
terms of production and shares about 1.85 per cent of total maize
production of the world. In India, the production of maize is 15.10
million tonnes from an area of 8.30 million hectares with productivity of
19.2 quintals per hectare.
Maize has considerable importance both for grain and fodder
purpose. Almost every part of the plant has some kind of utility. The
fodder is very nutritious and specially fed to domestic animals. The green
fodder is also suitable for silage since it is rich in soluble carbohydrates.
Besides, this cereal forms an important raw material for diverse products
used in daily life. Products obtained are corn meal, flakes, oil, syrup,
alcohol, acetic and lactic acid, glucose, gum, starches for edible and
laundry purpose, adhesives, methanol, etc.
Maize is attacked by more than 140 insect species causing
different degrees of damage, but only about 10 species cause serious and
economic damage. These infest maize from the time of sowing to harvest
and even in storage places. The damage may be caused by certain insects
attacking roots (rootworms, wireworms, white grubs, and seed-corn
maggots), leaves (aphids, armyworm, stem borers, thrips, spider mites,
and grasshoppers), stalks (stem borers, termites), ears and tassels (stem
borers, earworms, adult rootworms, and armyworms) and grain during
storage (grain weevils, grain borers, Indian meal moth, and the
Agnomens grain moth). Insect damage can occur at any stage of maize
production and storage.
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