Site specific nutrient management (SSNM) in aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) for yield maximization
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Date
2011-09-30
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “site specific nutrient management in aerobic
rice” was laid out in randomized complete block design including four aerobic
rice genotypes (MAS 946-1, MAS-26, MAS-77 and Rasi) and three target yield
(4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 t ha-1) levels conducted at ZARS, UAS, Bengaluru, during
kharif season of 2009 and 2010. Among the aerobic rice genotypes, MAS 946-1
recorded significantly higher dry matter production and distribution, leaf area,
LAI, number of productive tillers, panicle length and weight, number of grains
and filled grains per panicle, test weight, grain yield per hill, lower sterility
percentage, nutrient uptake, water productivity and grain yield (5903 kg ha-1)
compared to MAS-77 (5322 kg ha-1), Rasi (5685 kg ha-1) followed by MAS-26
(5776 kg ha-1). Among the targeted yield levels, 6.5 t ha-1 (F3) recorded
significantly higher growth and yield components, chlorophyll content, nutrient
uptake and water productivity over 4.5 and 5.5 t ha-1 targeted yield levels. Grain
yield increased progressively with increase in fertilizer level targeted for the
higher yield level. Improvement in yield over their targeted yield level was in the
order of 445, 71 kg ha-1 for 4.5 (4955 kg ha-1) and 5.5 (5571 kg ha-1) t ha-1 and
for 6.5 (6488 kg ha-1) t ha-1 targeted yield level, shortfall of 12 kg ha-1. Higher
gross returns (Rs. 65967/- ha-1), net returns (Rs. 44716 /- ha-1) and B:C ratio
(3.11) was recorded in MAS 946-1 at 6.5 t ha-1 (F3) targeted yield. Quality
parameters like grain length, L/B ratio, surface area index (SIA) was higher in
MAS 77, but protein and amylose content was higher in MAS 946-1and was on
par with MAS 26.
Pot culture experiment results indicated that, among the genotypes MAS
946-1 recorded significantly longer root length, higher root dry weight, root
volume, number of primary and secondary tillers, number of productive tillers,
number of grains and filled grains per panicle, panicle length and weight,
number of spikes, lower sterility percentage and grain yield per hill over MAS
77, Rasi and was on par with MAS 26. At different levels of fertilizer for targeted
yield, 6.5 t ha-1 (F3) recorded longer root length, higher root number, dry weight
and root volume and also yield and yield attributes over 4.5 and 5.5 t ha-1
targeted yield levels.
Overall performance of genotype MAS 946-1 yielded superior over others at
all the targeted yield levels closely followed by MAS 26.
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Keywords
yields, rice, developmental stages, genotypes, fertilizers, grain, nutrients, vegetative propagation, nutrient management, productivity