EXPERlMENTAL STUDIES ON ALLEVIATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INDUCED DELAYED NEUROTOXICKY (OPIDN) IN HENS
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Date
2007-05
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
Delayed neurotoxicity was induced with technical grade chlorpyrifos @
350mg/kg body weight s/c (10 times the LDSo dose) in adult white leg horn
hens aged 56 weeks old. The experiment consisted of alleviating Chlorpyrifos
induced delayed neurotoxicity with vitamin E and phenytoin. Earlier workers
proposed oxidative stress to be involved in acute and sub acute OP toxicity.
The objective was to see if oxidative damage is involved in OPIDN and its
subsequent alleviation through antioxidants.
A total of 4 groups with 18 birds in each were taken .Group I served as
healthy control , Group 11, Ill and IV were administered CPS @ 350mglkg
body weight subcutaneously ( 10 times the LD50 dose) in divided doses over a
period of 24 hrs to prevent death due to acute cholinergic toxicity. Atropine
and 2-PAM were administered sparingly in birds exhibiting acute illness. In
group Ill, vitamin E was administered Q 50mglkg p.o 10 days prior to
administration of CPS and in group IV phenytoin Q 50mg /kg p.o was
administered for 4 days prior to CPS. Sampling was done on 3rd,7 ", 10a~nd
14" days of the experiment. Clinical signs of OPIDN were observed and
noted. AChE activity in distal spinal cord and total albumin in serum served as
biomarkers of exposure. Total calcium of sciatic nerve was estimated since
ca2+ is implicated in generation of ROS and in phosphorylation of proteins.
TBARS were estimated to assess lipid peroxidation. Endogenous antioxidants
such as SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH-Px and GSH-R were assayed to assess the
role of vitamin E and phenytoin in blocking the oxidative damage due to
OPIDN. CPS produced signs of OPIDN albeit reversible on 10th day .There
was a decline in AChE activity and serum albumin. Oxidative stress with CPS
was manifested in terms of fall in the levels of GSH and inhibition of GSH-Px
and GSH-R enzymes and a rise in TBARS levels SOD and CAT. On the
contrary, all the above parameters were significantly reversed with prior
administration of vitamin E. Nevertheless, phenytoin could not afford any
protection to the birds. Hence, it is concluded that oxidative stress could be
one of the mechanisms of OPIDN and antioxidants might provide a viable
therapeutic regimen for alleviation of OPIDN at supra LD50 doses, a common
phenomenon in suicidal cases.
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