Integrated Nutrient Management in Groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.) - Maize (Zea mays L.) Cropping System
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Date
2018
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
A field study was conducted on “Integrated Nutrient Management in
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)- Maize (Zea mays L.) Cropping System”
during two consecutive years (2015-2016 and 2016-2017) at the Agricultural
Research Station, Vizianagaram of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
(ANGRAU), in the North - Coastal Agro-Climatic Zone of Andhra Pradesh,
which is situated at an altitude of 5.49 m above mean sea level.
The field experiment was laid in a Randomized Block Design with
groundnut as kharif season crop with six treatments replicated four times. The
treatments consisted of T1 - RDF100 + FYM5t (Control); T2 - RDF125 + FYM5t +
Rhizobium inoculation + PSB + VAM; T3-RDF150 + FYM5t + Rhizobium
inoculation + PSB + VAM; T4 - RDF100 + FYM5t + Rhizobium inoculation + PSB
+ VAM; T5 - RDF75 + FYM5t + Rhizobium inoculation + PSB + VAM and T6-
RDF50 + FYM5t + Rhizobium inoculation + PSB + VAM. During the succeeding
Rabi, the experiment was laid out in a split-plot design on maize with six
treatments given to kharif groundnut as main plot treatments and each of these
plots were divided into four sub-plots to receive four rates of RDF application
viz.,S1 - RDF100 + Azospirillum + PSB + VAM (Control); S2 - RDF100 +
Azospirillum + PSB + VAM + with groundnut residue incorporation; S3-RDF75+
Azospirillum+ PSB + VAM + with groundnut residue incorporation and
S4-RDF50 + AS + PSB + VAM + with groundnut residue incorporation.
Data recorded on growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, economic
returns and nutrient uptake of groundnut were higher with the RDF along with
bio-fertilizers application (T2 to T6) than that of without bio-fertilizers
application (T1). Among all the RDF application along with bio-fertilizers,
significantly higher values for vegetative parameters were recorded with the
application of 150% RDF + FYM 5 t ha-1 (T3) and the higher yield attributes and
pod yield (2542 and 2453 kg ha-1 during 2015-16 and 2016-17, respectively)
were recorded with 125% RDF + FYM 5 t ha-1 (T2) which was, however,
comparable with with100% RDF + FYM 5 t ha-1 (T4). Among the integrated
nutrient management practices, application of RDF125 + FYM5t + Rhizobium
inoculation + PSB + VAM (T2) attained significantly higher economic returns
(Gross returns, Net returns and B:C ratio) owing to higher kernel yield and in
turn higher gross (144736 and 139905 Rs ha-1 during 2015-16 and 2016-17,
respectively) and net returns in this treatment which is closely comparable with
RDF100 + FYM5t + Rhizobium inoculation + PSB + VAM (T4).
Data collected on succeeding maize on growth parameters, yield
attributes, yield, economic returns and nutrient uptake were significantly
influenced by the treatments given to preceding groundnut crop in the sequence.
Among all the treatments, the significantly higher kernel yield of 8892 and 8466
kg ha-1 during 2015-16 and 2016-17 respectively was recorded in the treatment
combination of 100% RDF + Azospirillum + PSB+ VAM + with groundnut crop
residue incorporation (S2). The residual effect of INM treatments applied to
preceding groundnut and its crop residue influenced the succeeding maize crop,
which responded to 100% of its recommended fertilizers along with biofertilizers.
In addition to the yield attributes, the available N P K status after
harvest of cropping sequence was higher following the residual effect of
incorporation of groundnut crop residue. The highest gross returns, net returns,
benefit cost ratio and returns per rupee invested of maize were realized with the
application of RDF150 + FYM5t + Rhizobium inoculation + PSB + VAM (T3)
which was, however, comparable to combinations RDF125 + FYM5t + Rhizobium
inoculation + PSB + VAM (T2) and RDF100 + FYM5t + Rhizobium inoculation +
PSB + VAM (T4). In addition, among the direct treatments applied to maize, the
treatment combination of RDF100 + Azospirillum + PSB+VAM + groundnut
residue incorporation (S2) recorded higher net returns (76093 and 69919
Rs ha-1 during 2015-16 and 2016-17, respectively) which was, however, on par
with RDF75 + Azospirillum + PSB + VAM + groundnut residue incorporation
(S3).
The distinctly highest system productivity was recorded with the residual
effect of nutrients supplied to kharif groundnut through the combination
RDF125 + FYM5t + Rhizobium inoculation + PSB + VAM (T2) compared with
other INM treatments. In addition, among the direct treatments applied to maize,
the treatments RDF100+ Azospirillum + PSB + VAM + groundnut residue
incorporation (S2) recorded the higher system productivity which was, however,
closely followed by the combination with RDF75 + Azospirillum + PSB + VAM
+ groundnut residue incorporation (S3).
Overall, the field studies conducted for over two consecutive years,
involving two crops in a sequence every year, clearly indicated that the
integrated use of inorganic and organic sources of nutrients along with bio
fertilizers could, not only increase the productivity and profitability of the first
crop of groundnut, but, also exhibited exemplary performance of the second crop
maize, in the system.
Description
D5599
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