Response of different organic materials on the grafting success and scion growth of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. Royal Delicious
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Date
2005-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present study was conducted during the year 2003-2004 at Horticulture Experimental Block of G.B.Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Hill Campus Ranichauri (Tehri Garhwal) Uttaranchal. The six organic manure treatments viz., FYM, leaf manure, chir pine needle compost, vermi compost, poultry manure and rabbit manure and control were tested for various attributes of apple cv. Royal Delicious in RBD with three replication. The investigation indicated the highest grafting success (94.78%) noted under FYM treatment followed by leaf manure (93.74%) and vermi compost (92.66%), while the control showed the minimum grafting success of (85.41%) only. The FYM application contributed to minimum day required for scion bud sprouting ie., 12.00 days, while the maximum days were taken with the control (19.67 days). FYM also contributed to maximum shoot length in the month of November (149.40 cm), while the minimum shoot length was observed with control in month of April (21.50 cm). The FYM treatment also resulted to maximum girth of sprout (1.09 cm), number of nodes per plant (60.50), number of leaves per plant (56.12), leaf area per plant (1422.08 cm2), leaf dry matter content (38.92%), and root length (19.50 cm) however, minimum values were observed in control treatment. The present investigation also indicated the highest soil moisture under FYM in the month of July (23.89%), whereas minimum with control in the month of June (6.09%). In contrast, the soil temperature was recorded maximum with FYM in the month of June (27.75°C) and minimum with control in the month of November (15.1°C). Soil pH and organic carbon content were found maximum with vermi compost, ie., 6.8 and 1.90%, respectively. Out of the various organic matters the rabbit manure gave maximum nitrogen, phosphorous and potash with their mean values of 220.5 ppm, 80.49 ppm and 320.45 ppm, respectively. The minimum mean nitrogen, phosphorous and potash were found under the control ie., 182.70 ppm, 40.49 ppm and 280.46 ppm, respectively. Based on the findings of the present investigation, it can be concluded that all the organic material used in the study showed significant improvement in growth attributes of the grafted plants, and also increase the availability of various nutrients in the soil. These materials are easily available in plenty and nurseryman can utilize then effectively. Therefore, the application of organic manure in general, and FYM, leaf manure, vermi compost in particular can be recommended as a organic material in the nursery for the production of quality planting material of apple.
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