Biological control of pea root rot caused by Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi
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Date
2021-10-18
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Palampur
Abstract
The investigation on the biological control of pea root rot caused by Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi
was undertaken during 2019-2021 in the Department of Plant Pathology, CSK HPKV,
Palampur. Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi pathogen was isolated from the root rot disease samples
collected from different pea growing areas of Kangra district and pathogenicity was proved.
Twenty one fungal isolates and six bacterial isolates were isolated from different rhizosphere
soil and five standard Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their antagonistic activity in vitro
against F. solani f.sp. pisi. Trichoderma sp. (I-12) proved to be the most effective strain that
inhibited 67.74 per cent mycelial growth of F. solani f.sp. pisi followed by Trichoderma
koningii (67.32%), Trichoderma sp.-I-7 (66.54%) and Trichoderma sp.-I-6 (65.52%). Among
bacterial isolates, B1 preformed best and showed mycelial inhibition of 58.49 per cent.
Volatile compounds of Trichoderma sp.(I-7) was effective against F. solani f.sp. pisi. Filter
sterilized culure filtrate of Trichoderma sp.(I-12) was most effective and significantly
resulted in mycelial inhibition of F. solani f.sp. pisi. On the basis of morphological
characteristics, Trichoderma sp.(I-12) has been identified as T. harzianum, Trichoderma sp.(I7) as T. viride, Trichoderma sp.(I-6) as T. virens and bacterial islolate B1 as Pseudomonas sp.
Among the eight different solid media evaluated for the mycelial growth and spore production
of potential bioagents Trichoderma sp.(I-12) showed maximum mycelial growth in both
sorghum and maize seeds (172.50 mm) and also resulted in maximum spore production per
gram on sorghum grains i.e. 2.7×109
spore/g. Agro-by products viz., paddy straw, cow dung
and FYM supplemented with different carbohydrates viz., glucose, sucrose and jaggery (at the
rate 1.0% and 5.0%) enhanced the growth of bioagents. Trichoderma sp.(I-12) resulted
highest mycelial growth on paddy straw (194.10 mm) when amended with 5.0 per cent
sucrose. Viability of Trichoderma sp. (I-12) in all the substrates started decreasing after
30 days of storage. The combination of Trichoderma sp. (I-12) and bacterial isolate B1
showed highest seedling growth in hoagland solution. Trichoderma sp. (I-7) was found to be
the best in managing the root rot disease when it was applied as soil application and seed
treatment. Among four fungicides tested in vitro carbendazim was most effective against F.
solani f.sp. pisi at 500 ppm but incompatible with potential bioagents while copper
oxychloride was found compatible with bioagent.