“Tree-crop interaction studies under Harar (Terminalia chebula Retz.) based agroforestry system”

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dc.contributor.advisorSharma, Kamal
dc.contributor.authorAnkita
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-10T07:18:03Z
dc.date.available2023-03-10T07:18:03Z
dc.date.issued2021-11-27
dc.description.abstractThe current investigations on “Tree crop interaction studies under Harar (Terminalia chebula Retz.) based agroforestry system” was carried out in harar orchard at Khaggal (Neri-II) Experimental Farm of the Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri - Hamirpur during the year 2020-21 under subtropical conditions of Himachal Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (02 Factorial) to determine the effect of harar trees on growth and yield parameters of soyabean crop along with the soil properties in four directions (East, West, North, and South) and three distances i.e., 1, 2 and 3 m from harar trees (total 12 treatments). The treatments were replicated thrice. The quality parameters of soyabean were estimated at three distances from harar tree (D1, D2 and D3) and open crop (total four treatments) replicated five times under Randomized Block Design. The agroforestry system (harar + soyabean) was compared with the sole crop system (soyabean) employing student’s t-test. The soil was also analyzed for the presence of allelochemicals before sowing and after harvesting soyabean under the agroforestry and in open system. Results showed the maximum values for the growth and yield parameters of soyabean crop at 3 m distance from harar trees. Among directions, the best results were obtained in the north direction. The biochemical analysis revealed that the photosynthetic pigments viz., total chlorophyll and carotenoids increased with the increase distance of soyabean crop from harar trees. The photosynthetic pigments in leaves exhibited the maximum values in the sole crop and the minimum in the crop grown under the shade of harar trees. The contents of total carbohydrates and total soluble protein were significantly higher in the seeds of soyabean crop grown under the agroforestry system over the sole cropping system. Whereas, the contents of total sugars and total free amino acids were significantly higher in the sole soyabean crop as compared to the crop raised under the agroforestry system. The contents of oil, crude fibre and total sugars of soyabean increased with an increase in the distance of crop from harar trees. However, no significant difference was observed for oil and crude fibre contents in soyabean under the agroforestry system and sole crop. Positive changes in the soil properties observed under the agroforestry system indicated that the system can sustain for long. The soil analysis showed the presence of allelochemicals of harar (Octadecanoic acid, 1,2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid and Phthalic acid) in the soil under the agroforestry system. The positive effect on plant growth and yield of soyabean under agroforestry system may be due to the environmental factors like moisture, nutrients, microclimate etc. and/or allelochemicals which needs further testing. From economic perspective, higher (268380 Rs. ha-1) gross returns and benefit:cost ratio (2.79) were obtained for harar + soyabean agroforestry system as compared to sole soyabean cropping. Overall, harar + soyabean agroforestry system proved better with respect to ecological and economical perspective over sole soyabean cropping and recommended for the farmers of the area.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810195014
dc.keywordsTree-crop,Harar, Growth and yield parameters of soyabean cropen_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages107 + xien_US
dc.publisherCollege of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.)en_US
dc.subForestryen_US
dc.themeEFFECT OF TREES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF AGRICULTURAL CROPen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.title“Tree-crop interaction studies under Harar (Terminalia chebula Retz.) based agroforestry system”en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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