Biological activities of extracts and essential oils of Anaphalis margaritacea- (L.) Benth. & Hook.f. in relation to its phytochemical composition from hilly terrains of Uttarakhand Himalaya
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Date
2022-09
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Present research details the phytochemical composition of essential oils, as well as biological activity of the plant Anaphalis margaritacea in different polarity extract, collected fromKumaun region of Uttarakhand at an elevation of 2,200m. Total 67compounds were revealed in essential oil via GC-MS, however 8 remained unidentified, comprising 94.04% of the total essential oil composition. The major compounds in the essential oil comprised of Caryophyllene (E) (17.82%), Asarone (8.89%), humulene (8.27%), and caryophyllene oxide (7.00%). Thirty four compounds were identified constituting 89.09% of the total methanolic extract which include 5R, 8R, 9S, 10R)-2-Formyl-3-Hydroxy-5-Isopropeny-8-8Methyl (3a10)- octahydronaptho (13.15%), oleic acid (11.31%) etc, Identified compounds represented 70.21% of the total hexane extract composition with prominent compounds Hexatriacontane (20.43%),
Tetracontane (14.70%), Heneicosane (2.66%), and Tetratetracontane (2.05%). Total phenolic content (TPC), Total flavonoid content (TFC) and Total antioxidant content (TAC) of methanol and hexane extract were also evaluated. TPC, TFC and TAC were higher in methanol extract having 19.11±0.24, 34.07±1.54, and 28.09±1.82 (mg/gm), respectively. DPPH radical scavenging was expressed as IC50 values which were 75.94 ±0.66 μg/mL in methanolic extract, 141.42 ± 0.73μg/mL in hexane extract and 57.66 ± 0.40 μg/mL in standard ascorbic acid. For metal chelating activity, the IC50 value in methanolic extract, hexane extract and standard EDTA was 72.90±0.096, 141.42±1.25, 60.18± 0.39 (μg/mL) respectively. For reducing power activity, the RP50 value of gallic acid, methanolic and hexane extract were 74.37±0.29 μg/mL, 79.64±5.36 μg/mL, 107.0682±1.34 μg/mL respectively. Methanolic and hexane extracts exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 37.58±1.05 μg/mL, 46.92±0.67 μg/ mL respectively. Diclofenac sodium salt used as standard (IC50 value 51.59±1.18 μg/mL). The results suggest that A. margaritacea have potent biological activities and can be a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent if explored further. The plant extracts might be more affordable than synthetically generated compounds, eco-friendly, and economically viable for the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries.