THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CATARACT IN ANIMALS
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Date
2017-01-06
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present study was undertaken to record the regional occurrence of ocular affections and to diagnose and
manage the cataracts in animals. The study was done on 2814 animal patients presented to the department of
Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Palampur for over a period of 30 months from April 2015 to September 2017.
The incidence of ocular affection in animals was found to be 10.95% in which 76.94% showed singular and
57.79 % bilateral affections. The ocular patients included 235 dogs, 49 bovine, 12 equine and 12 other animal
species. Species, sex and age-wise incidences were highest in dogs, males and adults respectively. The corneal
(36.26%) and lenticular (14.01%) affections were more common. The incidence of the cataract was 1.71 per cent
in all the surgical patients and accounted for 15.58 per cent of ocular disorders. Twenty seven cataract surgeries
were performed in different animal species after standardizing the procedure on goat/sheep cadaver eyes.
Standard pre and post-operative treatment protocol was used in all uncomplicated clinical cases of cataract
surgeries. The small animals were operated under general anaesthesia and the large ones under regional nerve
block and sedation. The central eyeball position was achieved by using retrobulbar anaesthesia in 4 dogs and
NMBA in 18 with the later proving substantially better. Eyeballs were positioned in front of operating
microscope and stabilized with 2-4 stay sutures. The major and minor surgical ports were made as clear corneal
incisions at about 10-11 and 2-3 O’clock position respectively. Trypan blue dye was used to stain AC
satisfactorily and 1 ml of diluted adrenaline (1:10000) was used intra-camerally to augment the mydriasis.
Different OVDs were used during surgeries to maintain the shape of anterior chamber and the use of a
combination of low and higher viscosity OVDs together proved better. A clean circular capsulotomy of a
desirable diameter (5-6 mm) could be performed in twelve cases using CTCC and the IOL could be placed in 5
dogs following phacoemulsification and extraction of lens. Complete and proper ‘endo-capsular’ extraction of
cataract could be accomplished successfully only in nine dogs. One month follow-up revealed restoration of good
functional vision in 8 (36.36%), fair in 6 (27.27%) and poor in three (13.64%) dogs. Five dogs were found to be
blind (22.73%). Intraocular bleeding, radial tear, vitreous presentation and IOL haptic breakage were intraoperative
and uveitis, retinal-detachment, posterior-synechiae are the postoperative complications. Long term
follow-up beyond one month ranging from 6 months to 35 months could be possible in 11 dogs, which revealed
deterioration in vision in 4 (36.37%) and improvement in 7 (63.63%) cases. In addition to twenty two dogs, five
cataract surgeries were done in one calf, cow and bull each during the study period in which the cow was unable
to recover and the other two animals got functional vision postoperatively.
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